Figure 6. Computational model of particle adhesion as a function of ligand and receptor density.

(A) Simulation geometry and flow profile (top), with representative resultant particle concentration profile within the fluid (bottom) in #/µm². Bound particles not represented in the visualization. The bound particle concentration (B) over time at constant shear 200 s⁻¹ with (B) constant receptor (N_R) density, and (C) constant ligand (N_L) density. (D) Heat maps of B at 1 sec and constant shear 200 s⁻¹ as a function of N_R-ICAM and N_R-selectin for five particle combinations with varied N_L ratios. Blue indicates N_R conditions of more adherent particles and red indicating conditions of fewer adherent particles. N_R-ICAM ranges from to 1×10⁻⁶ to 3×10⁻⁴ µm⁻², while N_R-selectin ranges from to 1×10⁻⁶ to 3.5×10⁻⁵ µm⁻², both equally spaced.