Table 2.
Participant characteristics by body composition category in 1,101 participants of NHANES 1999–2004 with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2
| Characteristic | Non- sarcopenic, non-obese |
Sarcopenia only |
Obese only | Sarcopenic obese |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportion (%) | 31.6 (1.8) | 12.5 (1.2) | 46.2 (2.1) | 9.7 (1.1) | |
| Age (years) | 70.6 (1.0) | 75.2 (1.1) | 70.8 (0.8) | 77.2 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Women (%) | 69.0 (3.3) | 53.3 (5.1) | 61.3 (2.3) | 35.5 (5.0) | <0.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 79.5 (2.3) | 88.5 (3.0) | 82.4 (2.5) | 90.3 (3.4) | |
| Mexican American | 1.6 (0.5) | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.5 (0.4) | 2.0 (1.0) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 11.7 (1.7) | 2.1 (1.0) | 8.6 (1.2) | 0.6 (0.7) | |
| Other | 7.2 (2.2) | 7.9 (2.7) | 7.5 (2.3) | 7.2 (3.0) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (0.2) | 21.7 (0.2) | 32.8 (0.4) | 25.5 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 proportion (%) | 10.6 (2.3) | 0 | 64.8 (2.2) | 2.6 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| Education (% ≥ high school) | 66.9 (3.1) | 64.4 (6.0) | 67.3 (2.5) | 68.6 (5.7) | 0.96 |
| Smoking status | 0.004 | ||||
| Never | 61.0 | 40.1 | 51.3 | 45.2 | |
| Former | 31.3 | 41.3 | 41.7 | 47.6 | |
| Current | 7.7 | 18.6 | 7.0 | 7.2 | |
| Activity level (MET-min/wk, %) | 0.03 | ||||
| 0 | 25.1 (2.6) | 39.1 (5.0) | 34.4 (2.3) | 33.9 (5.7) | |
| <500 | 20.7 (2.6) | 20.1 (4.3) | 24.3 (2.6) | 27.9 (5.7) | |
| 500–2000 | 33.8 (3.5) | 25.6 (4.2) | 26.8 (2.4) | 29.5 (5.6) | |
| >2000 | 20.4 (2.5) | 15.2 (4.4) | 14.5 (1.8) | 8.7 (2.8) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 83.3 (2.7) | 86.7 (4.1) | 91.4 (1.4) | 89.5 (3.8) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 20.8 (3.0) | 17.5 (4.0) | 26.6 (2.5) | 18.1 (4.5) | 0.19 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 30.9 (3.2) | 35.8 (4.3) | 37.7 (2.7) | 42.8 (5.7) | 0.26 |
| History of cancer (%) | 17.8 (2.7) | 19.9 (4.0) | 17.7 (2.0) | 30.9 (5.4) | 0.11 |
| UACR ≥30 mg/g (%) | 26.1 (3.5) | 31.9 (3.9) | 28.5 (2.1) | 32.1 (4.8) | 0.63 |
| Serum bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 24.4 (0.2) | 24.7 (0.3) | 24.3 (0.2) | 23.8 (0.4) | 0.21 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 4.27 (0.02) | 4.15 (0.03) | 4.14 (0.02) | 4.17 (0.04) | <0.001 |
| Serum CRP ≥1 mg/dL (%) | 7.5 (1.9) | 10.6 (3.1) | 17.3 (1.7) | 12.6 (4.1) | 0.007 |
| % Total body fat | 34.2 (0.4) | 31.3 (0.6) | 41.7 (0.4) | 37.6 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| ASMI (kg/m2) | 7.1 (0.1) | 5.7 (0.1) | 7.8 (0.1) | 6.1 (0.1) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; UACR, urine albumin-creatinine ratio; CRP, C-reactive protein; ASMI, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease.
Data are expressed as mean (standard error (SE)) or percent (SE).