TABLE 2.
Patient Characteristics Associated With Human Metapneumovirus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
| No. (%) | Total Cohort, n = 178a | Restricted to Patients who Presented With URI, n = 122 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | URI | LRI | Unadjuste d OR [95% CI] |
P | Adjusted OR [95% CI] |
P | Adjusted OR [95% CI] |
P |
| All patients | 103 (57) |
78 (43) |
||||||
| Age: Median/range, yb |
59/1- 84 |
59/7- 88 |
1.08/0.93- 1.26 |
.28 8 |
1.15/0.94-1.39 | .16 7 |
1.06/0.77-1.4 5 |
.71 8 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men | 59 (54) |
50 (46) |
1.00 | |||||
| Women | 44 (61) |
28 (39) |
0.75 [0.41-1.38 ] |
.35 4 |
||||
| Race | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white |
55 (50) |
56 (50) |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Hispanic | 27 (69) |
12 (31) |
0.44 [0.2-0.95] |
.03 6 |
0.46 [0.18-1.13] | .09 1 |
0.54 [0.08-3.51] |
.52 1 |
| Black | 12 (63) |
7 (37) |
0.57 [0.21-1.56 ] |
.27 7 |
0.64 [0.2-2.10] | .46 4 |
4.6 [0.84-25.38] |
.07 9 |
| Asian/other | 9 (82) |
2 (18) |
0.21 [0.05-1.06 ] |
.05 8 |
0.15 [0.03-0.87] | .03 5 |
0.56 [0.05-6.3] |
.63 5 |
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Never | 71 (56) |
55 (44) |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Former/current smoker |
31 (57) |
23 (43) |
0.96 [0.5-1.82] |
.89 6 |
0.75 [0.34-1.65] | .47 5 |
1.19 [0.3-4.77] |
.80 4 |
| Underlying condition |
||||||||
| Solid tumor<zaq;4> |
24 (71) |
10 (29) |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| HCT, in remission |
38 (67) |
19 (33) |
1.2 [0.48-3.01 ] |
.69 8 |
1.09 [0.37-3.23] | .87 7 |
4.35 [0.23-83.51] |
.33 |
| HM | 41 (46) |
49 (54) |
2.89 [1.23-6.69 ] |
.01 5 |
3.11 [1.12-8.64] | .02 9 |
27.23 [1.44-514.82 ] |
.02 8 |
| Type of infection | ||||||||
| Community-ac quired |
102 (61) |
64 (39) |
1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Nosocomial | 1 (7) | 14 (93) |
22.31 [2.86-173. 79] |
.00 3 |
26.9 [2.79-259.75]<z aq;5> |
.00 4 |
500.41 [15.79-15,85 4.59] |
< .00 1 |
| Steroids | ||||||||
| No | 70 (60) |
46 (40) |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 33 (51) |
32 (49) |
1.48 [0.8-2.72] |
.21 3 |
0.89 [0.42-1.90] | .76 9 |
0.35 [0.08-1.64] |
.18 4 |
| Immunodeficien cy |
||||||||
| None | 86 (61) |
56 (39) |
1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Neutropenia | 9 (50) |
8 (50) |
1.54 [0.57-4.11 ] |
.39 3 |
0.47 [00.12-1.79] |
.26 8 |
0.16 [0-5.11] | .29 9 |
| Lymphopenia | 5 (42) |
7 (58) |
2.15 [0.65-7.11 ] |
.21 0 |
1.16 [0.24-5.62] | .85 3 |
1.59 [0.13-19.44] |
.71 7 |
| Both | 2 (25) |
6 (75) |
4.61 [0.89-23.6 4] |
.06 7 |
3.39 [0.44-26.43] |
.24 4 |
3.21 [0.13-79.16] |
.47 6 |
| Hypoxia at presentation |
||||||||
| >92% | 89 (58) |
64 (42) |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| ≤92% | 3 (25) |
9 (75) |
4.17 [1.09-16.0 2] |
.03 7 |
9.61 [1.98-46.57] |
.00 5 |
10.08 [0.55-184.45 ] |
.11 9 |
| IVIG at URI stage |
||||||||
| No | 92 (55) |
75 (45) |
1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 11 (79) |
3 (21) |
0.33 [0.09-1.24 ] |
.10 2 |
— | — | 0.6 [0.08-4.61] |
.62 3 |
| Pulmonary copathogen before hMPV diagnosis |
||||||||
| None | 90 (60) |
60 (40) |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Pulmonary | 13 (42) |
18 (58) |
2.08 [0.95-4.55 ] |
.06 8 |
1.69 [0.64-4.44] | .28 9 |
0.22 [0.02-2.57] |
.22 6 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence internal; HCT, hematopoietic cell transplant; HM, hematologic malignancy; hMPV, human metapneumovirus; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; LRI, lower respiratory tract infection; OR, odds ratio; URI, upper respiratory tract infections.
a
Complete information on all variables included in the model was available for 178 patients.
b
Age was categorized into 10-year intervals.