FIGURE 2.
Direct contact and metabolic activity are required for H. pylori-induced neutrophil hypersegmentation. (A–B) Transwell infections. PMNs were left untreated or were incubated in the presence of H. pylori that were added to the same or opposite chamber of a Transwell for 24 h. PMN nuclear morphology was assessed by microscopy. Data are the mean + SEM, n = 3. **P<0.01. (C–D) The effects of actinomycin D, cycloheximide and chloramphenicol on nuclear morphology (C) and bacterial load (D) were assessed after 8 h and 24 h, as indicated. Data are the mean + SEM, n = 3–4. ***P<0.001. Hp, Helicobacter pylori 11637. ActD, actinomycin D. CHX, cycloheximide. Cam, chloramphenicol.