Table 2.
Target population, modeling methods, vaccine characteristics, and cost-effectiveness results of 11 studies reviewed.
| Attribute | N | % |
|---|---|---|
| POPULATION & PERSPECTIVE | ||
| Region* | ||
| South Africa | 7 | 64% |
| Thailand | 4 | 36% |
| United States | 2 | 18% |
| Other | 2 | 18% |
| Population Scope | ||
| District | 1 | 9% |
| Single Country | 7 | 64% |
| Several Countries | 3 | 27% |
| Perspective | ||
| Payer | 1 | 9% |
| Government | 1 | 9% |
| Health System | 5 | 45% |
| Limited Societal | 4 | 36% |
| Defined Willingness To Pay | 9 | 82% |
| Discounted Costs, 3% | 11 | 100% |
| Discounted Outcomes, 3% | 8 | 73% |
| MODELING METHODS | ||
| Model Type | ||
| Decision Tree | 1 | 9% |
| Markov or Semi-Markov | 5 | 45% |
| Compartmental, ODE | 4 | 36% |
| Agent-Based | 1 | 9% |
| Dynamic HIV Transmission | 5 | 45% |
| Outcome Measurement | ||
| LYs | 4 | 36% |
| DALYs | 2 | 18% |
| QALYs | 6 | 55% |
| Time Horizon | ||
| 10 year horizon | 3 | 27% |
| 20-43 year horizon | 3 | 27% |
| Lifetime horizon | 5 | 45% |
| HIV VACCINE CHARACTERISTICS | ||
| Age at Vaccination | ||
| Infant | 1 | 9% |
| 9-15 years | 4 | 36% |
| >15 years | 6 | 55% |
| HIV Vaccine Efficacy, average | ||
| <50% | 7 | 64% |
| >50% | 4 | 36% |
| Vaccine Durability | ||
| Lifetime Protection | 3 | 27% |
| Waning Protection | 8 | 73% |
| Vaccine Boosting | 7 | 64% |
| Price per series* | ||
| <=5 | 2 | 18% |
| $20 | 3 | 27% |
| $50-100 | 6 | 55% |
| >$500 | 2 | 18% |
| Risk Compensation | 5 | 45% |
| RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS | ||
| ICERs (per QALY, DALY, or LY) | ||
| Dominant, Cost-Saving | 2 | 18% |
| $3 - $100 | 4 | 36% |
| >$1,000 | 5 | 45% |
| Cost-Effectiveness Interpretation | ||
| Cost-Effective | 8 | 73% |
| Unlikely Cost-Effective | 2 | 18% |
| No interpretation | 1 | 9% |
*
The Goals model includes 24 countries and assumed a price of $20 for low-income countries and $55 for middle-income countries.
Abbreviations: ODE, ordinary differential equations; LYs, Life Years; DALYs, disability adjusted life years; QALYs, quality adjusted life years.