Table 6.

Effect Size Estimates for Debunking and Misinformation Persistence Across Levels of Moderator Variables using WREM with Weights

	Debunkinga	Misinformation-Persistenceb
Explanations in line with the misinformation
High	0.62 (18)	1.72 (25)
Low	3.77 (3)	−0.14 (10)
Counter-arguments to the misinformation
High	1.48 (8)	0.46 (13)
Low	0.73 (11)	1.58 (22)
Detail of Debunking Message
Labeling information source as incorrect	0.16 (3)	0.55 (14)
Providing detailed debunking information	1.25 (18)	1.58 (21)

Note. Table entries are d.s, with the number of samples in parentheses;

^a= inverse variances of the effect sizes were included as weights;

^b= the standardized residuals of sample size were included as weights; Means above and below .25 standard deviations were used to group high (vs. low) conditions.