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Schematic depiction of the circuitry involved in chronic pain and chronic stress. Light-blue arrows indicate anatomical or physiological links. Dark blue arrows indicate time. Black and red arrows indicate magnitude. Abbreviations: Amy, Amygdala; Hipp, Hippocampus; Hypo, Hypothalamus; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; VMPFC, ventro-medial prefrontal cortex.
