Most IL-17 family cytokines signal via a heterodimeric receptor composed of IL-17RA and a second chain that varies depending on ligand, as indicated. Despite advances in the characterization of receptor-ligand interactions, several questions remain. Namely, a role for IL-17RA in IL-17B signaling has not been fully demonstrated. In addition, the receptor for IL-17D, as well as the ligand for IL-17RD remain unknown.