Interaction of A. tumefaciens C58 VirE2 with AtVIP1 and its homologs. (A) Yeast-two-hybrid interaction assay. LexA-C58 VirE2 was coexpressed with Gal4-AD fused to the indicated tested proteins. The indicated dilutions of cell cultures were plated and grown on non-selective (+ histidine) and selective media (− histidine) in the absence (left) or presence of 0.1 mM 3-AT (right). (B) Coimmunoprecipitation interaction assay. C58 VirE2-Myc was expressed with GFP-AtVIP1 and its GFP-tagged homologs for three days in agroinfiltrated N. benthamiana leaves, immunoprecipitated (IP) with anti-GFP antibody (top panel), followed by western blot analysis with anti-GFP or anti-Myc antibody. To visualize the total amounts of the tested proteins (Input), they were analyzed by western blotting with anti-GFP or anti-Myc antibody without immunoprecipitation. Lane 1, AtbZIP18; lane 2, AtbZIP52; lane 3, AtbZIP69; lane 4, AtposF21; lane 5, AtbZIP29; lane 6, AtbZIP30; lane 7, NtRSG; lane 8, AtVIP1; lane 9, free GFP. Two independent experiments were performed for each assay with similar results.