Table 4.

Secondary Outcome in Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Viral Coinfection and Life-threatening Disease or Length of Stay of ≥5 Days in HIV-Uninfected Children <5 Years of Age at 6 Sentinel Sites in South Africa, 2009–2013

Coinfection	Secondary Outcome	MV, ICU, Death, or LOS ≥5 d, no./No. (%)	OR (95% CI)	P Value	aOR (95% CI)	P Value
Anya	No	478/1310 (36.5)	1.3	<.001
	Yes	289/981 (29.5)	(1.2–1.6)
HMPV	No	758/2265 (33.5)	1.1	.90
	Yes	9/26 (34.6)	(.47–2.4)
RV	No	599/1724 (34.7)	0.79	.03
	Yes	168/567 (29.6)	(.64–.97)
ADV	No	671/1946 (34.5)	0.73	.02
	Yes	96/345 (27.8)	(.57–.94)
EV	No	721/2101 (34.3)	0.61	.005
	Yes	46/190 (24.2)	(.43–.86)
Influenza	No	753/2261 (33.3)	1.8	.13	2.1	.05
	Yes	14/30 (46.7)	(.85–3.6)		(1.0–4.5)
PIV1	No	765/2280 (33.6)	0.44	.30
	Yes	2/11 (18.2)	(.09–2.0)
PIV2	No	765/2279 (33.6)	0.40	.23
	Yes	2/12 (16.7)	(.09–1.8)
PIV3	No	761/2271 (33.5)	0.85	.74
	Yes	6/20 (30.0)	(.33–2.2)

Univariate analysis: All factors with P < .20 were entered into the multivariate model. Multivariate analysis: Only factors with P < .05 are shown. Multivariate analysis was adjusted for the covariates prematurity and age, which were found to be significant in univariate analysis and subsequently in multivariate analysis using the manual forward stepwise procedure. Secondary outcome was missing for 31 RSV–infected children.

Abbreviations: ADV, adenovirus; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; EV, enterovirus; HMPV, human metapneumovirus; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, hospital length of stay; MV, mechanical ventilation, OR, odds ratio; PIV, parainfluenza virus; RV, rhinovirus, RSV: respiratory syncitial virus.

^aAny viral respiratory coinfection with HMPV, RV, ADV, EV, influenza, PIV1, PIV2, or PIV3.