Table 3. Odds of medication use adjusting for age, sex, disease duration, aggressive disease and type of inflammatory bowel disease.

Asian (ref: white)	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval
Thiopurines	0.78	0.53-1.15
Biologic agents*	0.45	0.30-0.67
Narcotics	0.47	0.30-0.74

Aggressive disease is defined as stricturing or penetrating disease for Crohn's disease and pancolitis for ulcerative colitis

^*Biologic agents include infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab, golimumab, vedolizumab and ustekinumab