. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 8.

Published in final edited form as: JAMA Cardiol. 2017 Dec 1;2(12):1332–1340. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2017.4191

Table 2.

Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Examining the Association of CHD and ASCVD Events With InCAC or CAC Categories Among Participants With Type 2 Diabetes, MetS, or Neither Condition^a

Variable	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)
	CHD			ASCVD
	Diabetes (n = 834)	MetS Without Diabetes (n = 1673)	Neither Diabetes nor MetS (n = 3995)	Diabetes (n = 834)	MetS Without Diabetes (n = 1673)	Neither Diabetes nor MetS (n = 3995)
lnCAC score	1.30 (1.19–1.43)^b	1.30 (1.20–1.41)^b	1.37 (1.27–1.47)^b	1.21 (1.13–1.30)^b	1.19 (1.11–1.27)^b	1.23 (1.17–1.30)^b
CAC score category
0	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
1–99	2.31 (1.13–4.73)^c	2.63 (1.46–4.73)^d	2.33 (1.44–3.78)^d	1.64 (0.98–2.77)	1.87 (1.21–2.90)^b	1.89 (1.32–2.72)^b
100–399	3.52 (1.66–7.46)^d	5.43 (3.03–9.74)^b	5.07 (3.11–8.27)^b	2.51 (1.44–4.35)^c	2.81 (1.78–4.45)^b	3.23 (3.19–4.77)^b
≥400	5.60 (2.79–11.23)^b	6.42 (3.38–12.2)^b	7.87 (4.74–13.08)^b	3.48 (2.06–5.86)^b	3.16 (1.91–5.22)^b	3.88 (2.57–5.85)^b
Adjusted lnCAC (n = 463)^e	1.28 (1.12–1.45)^b	NA	NA	1.23 (1.11–1.36)^b	NA	NA
Adjusted CAC of 0 vs CAC>0 (n = 463)^e	0.35 (0.15–0.80)^c	NA	NA	0.43 (0.27–0.81)^d	NA	NA

Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CAC, coronary artery calcium; CHD, coronary heart disease; FRS, Framingham Risk Score; HbA_1c, hemoglobin A_1c; lnCAC, log-transformed coronary artery calcium; MetS, metabolic syndrome; NA, not applicable.

All models were adjusted for FRS (or pooled cohort equation for ASCVD), race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

P < .001.

P < .05.

P < .01.

Additionally adjusted for HbA_1c level, insulin level, and diabetes duration in patients with diabetes.