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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 6.
Published in final edited form as: Hum Brain Mapp. 2018 Mar 12;39(7):2777–2785. doi: 10.1002/hbm.24039

Figure 2. Language mapping methods: Proportion of programs using (blue) and patients receiving (orange) each method (overall and by geographic region).

Figure 2

The proportion of patients receiving a measure is estimated based only on programs using that method–i.e., at the 83% of sites using ISM, on average 23% of patients receive ISM. Neuropsychological assessment (Npsych), functional MRI (fMRI), extraoperative stimulation mapping (ESM), intraoperative stimulation mapping (ISM), Wada testing (Wada), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), Gamma-activation mapping (Gamma). Question: “Please estimate the proportion of surgical candidates at your center who receive the following prior to surgery to clarify language organization.”