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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 7.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Sci. 2018 Mar 7;29(5):791–803. doi: 10.1177/0956797617744542

Figure 1. Study timelines of the E-Risk and Dunedin cohorts.

Figure 1

The figure depicts the observation period of early-emerging psychological and behavioral risk factors (low cognitive ability, low self-control, academic difficulties in primary school and truancy), school-leaving qualifications, and crime records (cautions and convictions) in the E-Risk and Dunedin cohorts and developmental trajectories of antisocial behavior in the Dunedin cohort.