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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 28.
Published in final edited form as: NPJ Digit Med. 2018 Mar 21;1:6. doi: 10.1038/s41746-017-0013-1

Table 2.

Indications for study sample echocardiograms

Study sample indication Percent N
Heart failure/cardiomyopathy 24.0 64
Arrhythmia 11.6 31
Chemotherapy 10.9 29
Valve disease 10.5 28
Preoperative exam 7.9 21
Dyspnea 6.4 17
Coronary artery disease 6.0 16
Stroke 6.0 16
Syncope 5.2 14
Rule out endocarditis 4.9 13
Pulmonary HTN 4.5 12
Hypertension 3.7 10
Pericardial effusion 3.4 9
Murmur 3.0 8
Palpitations 3.0 8
Aortic aneurysm 2.6 7
Congenital heart disease 2.6 7
Lung disease 1.9 5
Edema 1.5 4
Hypotension 1.5 4
Cardiac arrest 0.4 1
Heart transplant 0.4 1

Number of normal studiesa Percent N

Normal studies 10.9 29
a

Defined by echo reports documenting normal four-chamber size and systolic/diastolic function, no chamber hypertrophy or wall motion abnormalities, normal valves with trace or less regurgitation, normal great vessels and estimated right atrial pressure, no pericardial effusion, RVSP < 40, and no other abnormalities, such as atherosclerosis, calcification, pleural effusion, ascites, prostheses, or catheters