Topological location within the network has implications for biological function. A) Nodes can be described with respect to particular characteristics in the network, including high degree hubs (red), nodes at the periphery (yellow) and nodes with the highest centrality according to four popular measures of centrality. We calculated network measures including B) degree and C) betweenness centrality for four groups of genes: 1,371 essential genes 98, 125 cancer genes 99, 2,921 Mendelian disease genes 100, and 7,099 other genes based on the latest release of STRING 42 to illustrate the types of observation that have been revealed by systematic studies of genes with respect to location in the interactome.