Figure 2. P/Q-type channels, CaMKII, and HDAC Class II interactions.

During waking, gamma oscillations mediated by P/Q-type Ca²⁺ channels lead to Ca²⁺ entry and interaction with CaMKII. In turn, CaMKII leads to phosphorylation of HDAC Class IIs that have left the nucleus (while HDAC Class Is remain in the nucleus). The complex between CaMKII and HDAC Class IIs is maintained by Ca²⁺ entry, in the case of P/Q-type channels, specifically during waking. Deacetylation of histones facilitates transcription. MC1568, a HDAC Class IIb inhibitor blocked oscillations, while MS275, a HDAC Class I inhibitor did not affect oscillations⁸⁹. The minus (−) signs denote inhibition by TSA of HDAC class I and HDAC class II; inhibition of HDAC class I by MS275’ and inhibition of HDAC class II by MC1568.