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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Aug 24.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurosci. 2010 Feb 24;30(8):3048–3057. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6201-09.2010

FIGURE 1. Development of granule cells in relation to Purkinje cells in the amniote cerebellum.

FIGURE 1

Granule cell precursors (red) are initially induced at the rhombic lip by TGFβ signals (green) from the adjacent roofplate (i). Precursors migrate tangentially over the sub-pial cerebellar surface and divide again within the transient EGL (ii). Proliferation is regulated by Shh secreted from underlying Purkinje cells (purple). After their last cell division, postmitotic granule cells (brown) radially migrate into a layer below Purkinje cells (iii). In the mature circuit, glutamatergic granule cells receive inputs from precerebellar neurons and project T-shaped axons (parallel fibres) into an almost cell body-free (molecular) layer, where they synapse on the dendrites of GABAergic Purkinje cells. Purkinje cell outputs directly and indirectly regulate the activity of the vestibular system, thalamus and sub-cortical motor centres.