The authors regret that there was an error in the calculation of the PF-10 score used in analysis. The affected the data presented in Tables 2 and 4, which have been updated below.
The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
Table 2 Linear regression association of HRQOL measured using the PF-10 and HAQ-DI with gout and co-morbid characteristics
|
PF-10 (β (95% CI)) |
HAQ-DI (β (95% CI)) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |
| Gout characteristics | ||||
| Number of attacks in last year | ||||
| 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 1 | -0.37 (-5.59, 4.54) | 0.00 (-4.37, 4.38) | 0.01 (-0.10, 0.13) | 0.03 (-0.07, 0.13) |
| 2 | -7.80 (-13.41, -2.19) | -3.68 (-8.63, 1.28) | 0.11 (-0.01, 0.23) | 0.06 (-0.05, 0.17) |
| 3 | -9.98 (-16.97, -2.99) | -2.64 (-9.15, 3.87) | 0.08 (-0.07, 0.24) | -0.02 (-0.17, 0.12) |
| 4 | -20.34 (-28.67, -12.01) | -1.80 (-8.93, 5.33) | 0.32 (0.13, 0.50) | -0.10 (-0.25, 0.06) |
| ≥5 | -24.04 (-30.31, -17.77) | -8.07 (-13.90, -2.25) | 0.48 (0.34, 0.62) | 0.14 (0.01, 0.27) |
| Current gout attack | -17.97 (-23.99, -11.97) | -5.66 (-11.11, -0.22) | 0.41 (0.28, 0.54) | 0.15 (0.04, 0.27) |
| History of oligo/polyarticular attacks | -13.27 (-17.18, -9.35) | -3.91 (-7.42, -0.39) | 0.28 (0.20, 0.37) | 0.11 (0.03, 0.18) |
| Treatment with allopurinol | -5.43 (-9.37, -1.49) | -4.56 (-7.96, -1.16) | 0.12 (0.03, 0.20) | 0.06 (-0.02, 0.13) |
| Disease duration (years) | ||||
| 0-9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 10-19 | 2.22 (-2.69, 7.13) | 2.04 (-2.23, 6.30) | -0.02 (-0.13, 0.08) | -0.02 (-0.12, 0.07) |
| 20-29 | 1.70 (-4.39, 7.80) | 3.18 (-2.05, 8.42) | -0.01 (-0.14, 0.12) | -0.05 (-0.16, 0.07) |
| ≥40 | 0.29 (-7.96, 8.55) | 1.12 (-6.10, 8.34) | 0.11 (-0.07, 0.29) | 0.03 (-0.13, 0.19) |
| Serum uric acid >360 μmol/L | 0.00 (-0.01, 0.01) | - | 0.00 (-0.00, 0.00) | - |
| Tophi | -7.20 (-20.59, 6.18) | - | 0.30 (0.02, 0.58) | - |
|
PF-10 (β (95% CI)) |
HAQ-DI (β (95% CI)) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjustedb | Unadjusted | Adjustedb | ||
| Co-morbid characteristics | |||||
| Diabetes | -15.08 (-20.03, -10.13) | -4.66 (-9.42, 0.10) | 0.35 (0.25, 0.46) | 0.14 (0.03, 0.25) | |
| Stroke | -24.57 (-35.33, -13.81) | -17.30 (-27.57, -7.03) | 0.53 (0.29, 0.76) | 0.37 (0.13, 0.60) | |
| Hypertension | -13.13 (-16.99, -9.28) | -2.70 (-6.58, 1.17) | 0.21 (0.13, 0.30) | -0.02 (-0.11, 0.06) | |
| TIA | -2.80 (-11.34, 5.74) | -1.97 (-10.04, 6.10) | -0.03 (-0.22, 0.16) | 0.04 (-0.14, 0.22) | |
| Hyperlipidaemia | -6.65 (-10.48, -2.82) | -2.28 (-5.83, 1.28) | 0.09 (0.01, 0.18) | -0.02 (-0.10, 0.06) | |
| Kidney failure | -24.01 (-32.87, -15.15) | -6.99 (-15.81, 1.82) | 0.56 (0.37, 0.75) | 0.21 (0.01, 0.41) | |
| MI | -17.48 (-23.70, -11.25) | -7.76 (-13.80, -1.73) | 0.30 (0.17, 0.44) | 0.17 (0.03, 0.31) | |
| Kidney stones | -3.74 (-11.22, 3.74) | -0.44 (-7.22, 6.35) | 0.15 (-0.02, 0.31) | 0.03 (-0.12, 0.19) | |
| Angina | -21.60 (-27.25, -15.96) | -13.74 (-19.22, -8.26) | 0.42 (0.29, 0.54) | 0.23 (0.10, 0.35) | |
| Body pain | -22.66 (-26.87, -18.45) | -13.94 (-18.01, -9.87) | 0.45 (0.36, 0.54) | 0.29 (0.20, 0.38) | |
| Anxiety | -2.85 (-3.25, -2.45) | -2.36 (-2.76, -1.96) | 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) | 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) | |
| Depression | -3.30 (-3.62, -2.98) | -2.70 (-3.04, -2.37) | 0.07 (0.07, 0.08) | 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) | |
Table 4 Linear regression association of HRQOL measured using the PF-10 and HAQ-DI with sociodemographic characteristics.
|
PF-10 (β (95% CI)) |
HAQ-DI (β (95% CI)) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjustedc | Unadjusted | Adjustedc | |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age | -0.83 (-0.97, -0.68) | -0.75 (-0.91, -0.60) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) |
| Female Gender | -26.23 (-31.17, -21.29) | -21.63 (-26.79, -16.46) | 0.54 (0.43, 0.65) | 0.43 (0.31, 0.54) |
| Neighbourhood deprivation quintile | ||||
| Least deprived | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Second least deprived | 2.13 (-3.81, 8.06) | 3.15 (-2.48, 8.78) | -0.07 (-0.20, 0.06) | -0.05 (-0.17, 0.08) |
| Mid deprived | -1.04 (-6.93, 4.85) | 1.22 (-4.44, 6.89) | -0.02 (-0.14, 0.11) | -0.02 (-0.14, 0.11) |
| Second most deprived | -3.80 (-9.72, 2.13) | 2.58 (-3.09, 8.25) | 0.03 (-0.10, 0.15) | -0.06 (-0.18, 0.07) |
| Most deprived | -16.98 (-22.91, -11.06) | -8.39 (-14.21, -2.57) | 0.32 (0.19, 0.45) | 0.19 (0.06, 0.32) |
| Ethnicity - Caucasian | 14.03 (1.59, 26.47) | 9.98 (-3.12, 23.08) | -0.20 (-0.47, 0.07) | -0.13 (-0.42,0.17) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
| <25 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 25-29.9 | 1.64 (-3.55, 6.82) | 2.45 (-2.56, 7.46) | -0.02 (-0.13, 0.10) | -0.01 (-0.12, 0.10) |
| 30-34.9 | -7.24 (-13.13, -1.35) | -0.91 (-6.71, 4.88) | 0.14 (0.01, 0.27) | 0.06 (-0.07, 0.18) |
| ≥35 | -17.55 (-24.71, -10.39) | -5.87 (-13.01, 1.27) | 0.37 (0.21, 0.52) | 0.21 (0.05, 0.36) |
| Attended further education | 12.09 (7.43,16.74) | 6.48 (2.10, 10.86) | -0.21 (-0.31, -0.11) | -0.09 (-0.19, 0.01) |
| Alcohol intake frequency | ||||
| Daily | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 3-4 times per week | 2.78 (-2.50, 8.06) | 1.97 (-3.18, 7.12) | -0.07 (-0.18, 0.04) | -0.04 (-0.16, 0.07) |
| 1-2 times per week | -2.73 (-8.05, 2.59) | -1.40 (-6.64, 3.83) | 0.06 (-0.06, 0.17) | -0.01 (-0.12, 0.11) |
| 1-3 times per month | -9.50 (-16.41, -2.59) | -4.70 (-11.39, 1.99) | 0.17 (0.02, 0.32) | 0.09 (-0.06, 0.23) |
| Special occasions | -25.86 (-31.98, -19.73) | -13.41 (-19.63, -7.19) | 0.54 (0.40, 0.67) | 0.26 (0.12, 0.40) |
| Never | -33.23 (-40.03, -26.43) | -21.06 (-28.09, -14.03) | 0.74 (0.6, 0.89) | 0.45 (0.29, 0.60) |
| Relationship status – not married/cohabiting | -12.86 (-17.30, -8.43) | -6.20 (-10.61, -1.79) | 0.25 (0.16, 0.35) | 0.13 (0.04, 0.23) |
Abbreviations: CI: Confidence Interval; TIA: Transient Ischaemic Attack; MI: Myocardial Infarction; BMI: Body Mass Index; PF-10: Physical Function 10; HAQ-DI: Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index; CI: Confidence Interval.
aAdjusted for comorbid and socio-demographic characteristics; b Adjusted for gout and socio-demographic characteristics; c Adjusted for gout and comorbid characteristics.
Contributor Information
Priyanka Chandratre, Email: priyankachandratre@nhs.net.
Edward Roddy, Email: e.roddy@keele.ac.uk.