. 2023 Feb 21;15(5):1079. doi: 10.3390/nu15051079

Table 5.

Qualitative summary of experimental studies evaluating cardiometabolic disease risk factors in adults consuming higher vs. lower amounts of mushrooms.

Author, Year	Diet Group	Comparator	Mushroom Species and Form	Sys-BP †	Dia-BP	TC	HDL	LDL	TAG	Glu	HbA1c	hs-CRP
*Abrams et al., 2011* [33]	Post, 15 g daily	Baseline	Pleurotus ostreatus, dried	NR	NR	≠	≠	≠	↓	≠	NR	NR
*Agrawal et al., 2010* [25]	Mushroom biscuits	Baseline	Pleurotus spp., NR	↓	↓	↓	↑	↓	↓	↓	↓	NR
*Agrawal et al., 2010* [25]	Mushroom biscuits	Ajwain biscuits	Pleurotus spp., NR	↓	↓	↓	↑	↓	↓	↓	↓	NR
*Dai et al., 2015* [26]	5 g and 10 g/daily •	Baseline	Letinula edodes, dried	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	↓
*Harada et al., 2016* [34]	Post, 5 g/daily	Baseline	Grifola gargal, dried	≠	≠	≠	≠	≠	NR	NR	NR	NR
*Jayasuriya et al., 2015* [27]	P. ostreatus, 50 mg/kg/bw daily	Control (water)	Pleurotus ostreatus, dried	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	↓	NR	NR
*Jayasuriya et al., 2015* [27]	P. cystidiousus, 50 mg/kg/bw daily	Control (water)	Pleurotus cystidiousus, dried	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	↓	NR	NR
*Maruyama et al., 2021* [28]	Japanese Diet, 40 ± 33 g/d at 6 months	Partial Japanese Diet, 31 ± 27 g/d at 6 months	NR	≠	≠	↓	≠	↓	↓	≠	≠	≠
*Mehrotra et al., 2014* [35]	Ultraviolet treated mushrooms (500 IU D₂/day) + placebo, 100 g/daily	Baseline	NR, fresh	NR	NR	NR	≠	NR	↑	NR	≠	NR
	Ultraviolet treated mushrooms (2600 IU D₂/day) + placebo, 100 g/daily	Baseline	NR, fresh	NR	NR	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR
	Untreated mushrooms + 1200 IU D₃/day capsules, 100 g/daily	Baseline	NR, fresh	NR	NR	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR
	Untreated mushrooms + 7300 IU D₃/day capsules, 100 g/daily	Baseline	NR, fresh	NR	NR	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR
*Poddar et al., 2013* ¶ [29]	Mushroom diet, 8 oz on 3 d/wk, 0–6 months WL	Meat diet, 90% lean ground beef 3 d/wk, 0–6 months WL	Agaricus bisporus, fresh	≠	≠	≠	NR	≠	NR	NR	NR	↓
	Mushroom diet, 8oz on 3 d/wk, 6–12 months WM	Meat diet, 90% lean ground beef 3 d/wk, 6–12 months WM	Agaricus bisporus, fresh	NR	NR	≠	NR	≠	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Mushroom diet, 8oz on 3 d/wk, 0–6 months WL	Baseline	Agaricus bisporus, fresh	NR	NR	NR	≠	NR	↓	↓	NR	NR
	Mushroom diet, 8 oz on 3 d/wk, 12 months	Baseline	Agaricus bisporus, fresh	NR	NR	NR	↓	NR	↓	≠	NR	NR
*Schneider et al., 2011* [30]	Verum diet, 30 g/d	Baseline	Pleurotus ostreatus, freeze-dried	NR	NR	≠	≠	≠	↓	NR	NR	NR
*Spim et al., 2021* [31]	Intervention group, 3.5 g/d	Placebo group	Letinula edodes, dried	NR	NR	≠	≠	≠	↓	≠	NR	NR
*Sun and Niu, 2020 §* [32]	MD group, 100 g/d	Placebo group	Agaricus bisporus, fresh	↓	↓	NR	NR	NR	NR	↓	NR	NR

$†$ Results are displayed based on statistically significant differences in the original manuscript. ↑: increase; ↓: decrease; ≠: no change; NR: not reported/not evaluated. • The authors indicated that data from both groups (5 g/daily and 10 g/daily) were combined for analysis. ¶ Indicates that the study was designed with a weight loss intervention. § Results on gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes are listed under Sys-BP/Dia-BP and Glucose, respectively. Abbreviations: Sys-BP: systolic blood pressure; Dia-BP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol, HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TAG: triglycerides; Glu: glucose; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; g: grams; NR: not reported; mg: milligrams; kg: kilograms; bw: body weight; g/d: grams per day; IU; international units; d/wk: days per week; WL: weight loss; WM: weight maintenance.