Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Western Journal of Medicine logoLink to The Western Journal of Medicine
. 1990 Nov;153(5):523–534.

Chlamydial infections.

J Schachter 1
PMCID: PMC1002604  PMID: 2260289

Full text

PDF
523

Images in this article

527Image
on p.527
527Image
on p.527
527Image
on p.527
528Image
on p.528
528Image
on p.528

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alexander E. R., Harrison H. R. Role of Chlamydia trachomatis in perinatal infection. Rev Infect Dis. 1983 Jul-Aug;5(4):713–719. doi: 10.1093/clinids/5.4.713. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arnstein P., Eddie B., Meyer K. F. Control of psittacosis by group chemotherapy of infected parrots. Am J Vet Res. 1968 Nov;29(11):2213–2227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Arth C., Von Schmidt B., Grossman M., Schachter J. Chlamydial pneumonitis. J Pediatr. 1978 Sep;93(3):447–449. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)81155-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bavoil P., Ohlin A., Schachter J. Role of disulfide bonding in outer membrane structure and permeability in Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun. 1984 May;44(2):479–485. doi: 10.1128/iai.44.2.479-485.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Beem M. O., Saxon E. M. Respiratory-tract colonization and a distinctive pneumonia syndrome in infants infected with Chlamydia trachomatis. N Engl J Med. 1977 Feb 10;296(6):306–310. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197702102960604. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Berger R. E., Alexander E. R., Monda G. D., Ansell J., McCormick G., Holmes K. K. Chlamydia trachomatis as a cause of acute "idiopathic" epididymitis. N Engl J Med. 1978 Feb 9;298(6):301–304. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197802092980603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bowie W. R., Wang S. P., Alexander E. R., Floyd J., Forsyth P. S., Pollock H. M., Lin J. S., Buchanan T. M., Holmes K. K. Etiology of nongonococcal urethritis. Evidence for Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum. J Clin Invest. 1977 May;59(5):735–742. doi: 10.1172/JCI108694. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Brunham R. C., Paavonen J., Stevens C. E., Kiviat N., Kuo C. C., Critchlow C. W., Holmes K. K. Mucopurulent cervicitis--the ignored counterpart in women of urethritis in men. N Engl J Med. 1984 Jul 5;311(1):1–6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198407053110101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Byrne G. I., Moulder J. W. Parasite-specified phagocytosis of Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis by L and HeLa cells. Infect Immun. 1978 Feb;19(2):598–606. doi: 10.1128/iai.19.2.598-606.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Caldwell H. D., Kromhout J., Schachter J. Purification and partial characterization of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun. 1981 Mar;31(3):1161–1176. doi: 10.1128/iai.31.3.1161-1176.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Caldwell H. D., Schachter J. Antigenic analysis of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia spp. Infect Immun. 1982 Mar;35(3):1024–1031. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.3.1024-1031.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Cates W., Jr Sexually transmitted organisms and infertility: the proof of the pudding. Sex Transm Dis. 1984 Apr-Jun;11(2):113–116. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Cles L. D., Bruch K., Stamm W. E. Staining characteristics of six commercially available monoclonal immunofluorescence reagents for direct diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Sep;26(9):1735–1737. doi: 10.1128/jcm.26.9.1735-1737.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Cohen S. D., Azimi P. H., Schachter J. Chlamydia trachomatis associated with severe rhinitis and apneic episodes in a one-month-old infant. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1982 Aug;21(8):498–499. doi: 10.1177/000992288202100810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Davies J. A., Rees E., Hobson D., Karayiannis P. Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from Bartholin's ducts. Br J Vener Dis. 1978 Dec;54(6):409–413. doi: 10.1136/sti.54.6.409. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Forsey T., Darougar S., Treharne J. D. Prevalence in human beings of antibodies to Chlamydia IOL-207, an atypical strain of chlamydia. J Infect. 1986 Mar;12(2):145–152. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(86)93608-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. GORDON F. B., QUAN A. L. ISOLATION OF THE TRACHOMA AGENT IN CELL CULTURE. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1965 Feb;118:354–359. doi: 10.3181/00379727-118-29841. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Gravett M. G., Nelson H. P., DeRouen T., Critchlow C., Eschenbach D. A., Holmes K. K. Independent associations of bacterial vaginosis and Chlamydia trachomatis infection with adverse pregnancy outcome. JAMA. 1986 Oct 10;256(14):1899–1903. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Grayston J. T. Chlamydia pneumoniae, strain TWAR. Chest. 1989 Mar;95(3):664–669. doi: 10.1378/chest.95.3.664. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Grayston J. T., Kuo C. C., Wang S. P., Altman J. A new Chlamydia psittaci strain, TWAR, isolated in acute respiratory tract infections. N Engl J Med. 1986 Jul 17;315(3):161–168. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198607173150305. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Grayston J. T., Mordhorst C., Bruu A. L., Vene S., Wang S. P. Countrywide epidemics of Chlamydia pneumoniae, strain TWAR, in Scandinavia, 1981-1983. J Infect Dis. 1989 Jun;159(6):1111–1114. doi: 10.1093/infdis/159.6.1111. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Grayston J. T., Wang S. New knowledge of chlamydiae and the diseases they cause. J Infect Dis. 1975 Jul;132(1):87–105. doi: 10.1093/infdis/132.1.87. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Grimes J. E. Transmission of Chlamydiae from grackles to turkeys. Avian Dis. 1978 Apr-Jun;22(2):308–312. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Hammerschlag M. R., Cummings C., Roblin P. M., Williams T. H., Delke I. Efficacy of neonatal ocular prophylaxis for the prevention of chlamydial and gonococcal conjunctivitis. N Engl J Med. 1989 Mar 23;320(12):769–772. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198903233201204. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Hammerschlag M. R. Fluorescent antibody vs culture for detecting Chlamydia. J Pediatr. 1986 Dec;109(6):1076–1076. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80308-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Handsfield H. H., Jasman L. L., Roberts P. L., Hanson V. W., Kothenbeutel R. L., Stamm W. E. Criteria for selective screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women attending family planning clinics. JAMA. 1986 Apr 4;255(13):1730–1734. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Hare M. J., Toone E., Taylor-Robinson D., Evans R. T., Furr P. M., Cooper P., Oates J. K. Follicular cervicitis--colposcopic appearances and association with Chlamydia trachomatis. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981 Feb;88(2):174–180. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1981.tb00964.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Harrison H. R., Alexander E. R., Weinstein L., Lewis M., Nash M., Sim D. A. Cervical Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmal infections in pregnancy. Epidemiology and outcomes. JAMA. 1983 Oct 7;250(13):1721–1727. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Hatch T. P., Miceli M., Sublett J. E. Synthesis of disulfide-bonded outer membrane proteins during the developmental cycle of Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis. J Bacteriol. 1986 Feb;165(2):379–385. doi: 10.1128/jb.165.2.379-385.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Hodinka R. L., Wyrick P. B. Ultrastructural study of mode of entry of Chlamydia psittaci into L-929 cells. Infect Immun. 1986 Dec;54(3):855–863. doi: 10.1128/iai.54.3.855-863.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Holmes K. K., Handsfield H. H., Wang S. P., Wentworth B. B., Turck M., Anderson J. B., Alexander E. R. Etiology of nongonococcal urethritis. N Engl J Med. 1975 Jun 5;292(23):1199–1205. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197506052922301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Howard L. V., Coleman P. F., England B. J., Herrmann J. E. Evaluation of chlamydiazyme for the detection of genital infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. J Clin Microbiol. 1986 Feb;23(2):329–332. doi: 10.1128/jcm.23.2.329-332.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Jones B. R. The prevention of blindness from trachoma. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1975 Apr;95(1):16–33. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Jones R. B., Mammel J. B., Shepard M. K., Fisher R. R. Recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis from the endometrium of women at risk for chlamydial infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Jul;155(1):35–39. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90073-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Jones R. B., Rabinovitch R. A., Katz B. P., Batteiger B. E., Quinn T. S., Terho P., Lapworth M. A. Chlamydia trachomatis in the pharynx and rectum of heterosexual patients at risk for genital infection. Ann Intern Med. 1985 Jun;102(6):757–762. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-757. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Keat A., Thomas B., Dixey J., Osborn M., Sonnex C., Taylor-Robinson D. Chlamydia trachomatis and reactive arthritis: the missing link. Lancet. 1987 Jan 10;1(8524):72–74. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91910-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Kiviat N. B., Wølner-Hanssen P., Peterson M., Wasserheit J., Stamm W. E., Eschenbach D. A., Paavonen J., Lingenfelter J., Bell T., Zabriskie V. Localization of Chlamydia trachomatis infection by direct immunofluorescence and culture in pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Apr;154(4):865–873. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90473-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Kleemola M., Saikku P., Visakorpi R., Wang S. P., Grayston J. T. Epidemics of pneumonia caused by TWAR, a new Chlamydia organism, in military trainees in Finland. J Infect Dis. 1988 Feb;157(2):230–236. doi: 10.1093/infdis/157.2.230. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Marrie T. J., Grayston J. T., Wang S. P., Kuo C. C. Pneumonia associated with the TWAR strain of Chlamydia. Ann Intern Med. 1987 Apr;106(4):507–511. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-106-4-507. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Martin D. H., Koutsky L., Eschenbach D. A., Daling J. R., Alexander E. R., Benedetti J. K., Holmes K. K. Prematurity and perinatal mortality in pregnancies complicated by maternal Chlamydia trachomatis infections. JAMA. 1982 Mar 19;247(11):1585–1588. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. McCormack W. M., Evrard J. R., Laughlin C. F., Rosner B., Alpert S., Crockett V. A., McComb D., Zinner S. H. Sexually transmitted conditions among women college students. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Jan 15;139(2):130–133. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(81)90433-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Meyer K. F. The host spectrum of psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum (PL) agents. Am J Ophthalmol. 1967 May;63(5 Suppl):1225–1246. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(67)94105-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Moncada J., Schachter J., Shipp M., Bolan G., Wilber J. Cytobrush in collection of cervical specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Aug;27(8):1863–1866. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.8.1863-1866.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Morrison R. P., Lyng K., Caldwell H. D. Chlamydial disease pathogenesis. Ocular hypersensitivity elicited by a genus-specific 57-kD protein. J Exp Med. 1989 Mar 1;169(3):663–675. doi: 10.1084/jem.169.3.663. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Moulder J. W. Comparative biology of intracellular parasitism. Microbiol Rev. 1985 Sep;49(3):298–337. doi: 10.1128/mr.49.3.298-337.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Mårdh P. A., Ripa T., Svensson L., Weström L. Chilamydia trachomatis infection in patients with acute salpingitis. N Engl J Med. 1977 Jun 16;296(24):1377–1379. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197706162962403. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Müller-Schoop J. W., Wang S. P., Munzinger J., Schläpfer H. U., Knoblauch M., Tammann R. W. Chlamydia trachomatis as possible cause of peritonitis and perihepatitis in young women. Br Med J. 1978 Apr 22;1(6119):1022–1024. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6119.1022. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Oriel J. D., Ridgway G. L., Reeve P., Beckingham D. C., Owen J. The lack of effect of ampicillin plus probenecid given for genital infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae on associated infections with Chlamydia trachomatis. J Infect Dis. 1976 May;133(5):568–571. doi: 10.1093/infdis/133.5.568. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Osser S., Persson K. Postabortal infectious morbidity after antibiotic treatment of chlamydia-positive patients. Sex Transm Dis. 1989 Apr-Jun;16(2):84–87. doi: 10.1097/00007435-198904000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Phillips D. M., Swenson C. E., Schachter J. Ultrastructure of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the mouse oviduct. J Ultrastruct Res. 1984 Sep;88(3):244–256. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5320(84)90122-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Plummer F. A., Laga M., Brunham R. C., Piot P., Ronald A. R., Bhullar V., Mati J. Y., Ndinya-Achola J. O., Cheang M., Nsanze H. Postpartum upper genital tract infections in Nairobi, Kenya: epidemiology, etiology, and risk factors. J Infect Dis. 1987 Jul;156(1):92–98. doi: 10.1093/infdis/156.1.92. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Quinn T. C., Goodell S. E., Mkrtichian E., Schuffler M. D., Wang S. P., Stamm W. E., Holmes K. K. Chlamydia trachomatis proctitis. N Engl J Med. 1981 Jul 23;305(4):195–200. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198107233050404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Quinn T. C., Stamm W. E., Goodell S. E., Mkrtichian E., Benedetti J., Corey L., Schuffler M. D., Holmes K. K. The polymicrobial origin of intestinal infections in homosexual men. N Engl J Med. 1983 Sep 8;309(10):576–582. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198309083091002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Ripa K. T., Mårdh P. A. Cultivation of Chlamydia trachomatis in cycloheximide-treated mccoy cells. J Clin Microbiol. 1977 Oct;6(4):328–331. doi: 10.1128/jcm.6.4.328-331.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Saikku P., Ruutu P., Leinonen M., Panelius J., Tupasi T. E., Grayston J. T. Acute lower-respiratory-tract infection associated with chlamydial TWAR antibody in Filipino children. J Infect Dis. 1988 Nov;158(5):1095–1097. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.5.1095. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Schachter J., Caldwell H. D. Chlamydiae. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1980;34:285–309. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.34.100180.001441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Schachter J. Chlamydial infections (third of three parts). N Engl J Med. 1978 Mar 9;298(10):540–549. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197803092981005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Schachter J., Cles L., Ray R., Hines P. A. Failure of serology in diagnosing chlamydial infections of the female genital tract. J Clin Microbiol. 1979 Nov;10(5):647–649. doi: 10.1128/jcm.10.5.647-649.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Schachter J., Grossman M., Azimi P. H. Serology of Chlamydia trachomatis in infants. J Infect Dis. 1982 Oct;146(4):530–535. doi: 10.1093/infdis/146.4.530. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Schachter J., Grossman M., Holt J., Sweet R., Spector S. Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis: involvement of multiple anatomic sites in neonates. J Infect Dis. 1979 Feb;139(2):232–234. doi: 10.1093/infdis/139.2.232. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Schachter J., Hanna L., Hill E. C., Massad S., Sheppard C. W., Conte J. E., Jr, Cohen S. N., Meyer K. F. Are chlamydial infections the most prevalent venereal disease? JAMA. 1975 Mar 24;231(12):1252–1255. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. Schachter J. Immunodiagnosis of sexually transmitted disease. Yale J Biol Med. 1985 Sep-Oct;58(5):443–452. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Schachter J., Lum L., Gooding C. A., Ostler B. Pneumonitis following inclusion blennorrhea. J Pediatr. 1975 Nov;87(5):779–780. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(75)80309-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Schachter J., Moncada J., Dawson C. R., Sheppard J., Courtright P., Said M. E., Zaki S., Hafez S. F., Lorincz A. Nonculture methods for diagnosing chlamydial infection in patients with trachoma: a clue to the pathogenesis of the disease? J Infect Dis. 1988 Dec;158(6):1347–1352. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.6.1347. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Schachter J., Osoba A. O. Lymphogranuloma venereum. Br Med Bull. 1983 Apr;39(2):151–154. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071807. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Schachter J. Pathogenesis of chlamydial infections. Pathol Immunopathol Res. 1989;8(3-4):206–220. doi: 10.1159/000157149. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Schachter J., Smith D. E., Dawson C. R., Anderson W. R., Deller J. J., Jr, Hoke A. W., Smartt W. H., Meyer K. F. Lymphogranuloma venereum. I. Comparison of the Frei test, complement fixation test, and isolation of the agent. J Infect Dis. 1969 Sep;120(3):372–375. doi: 10.1093/infdis/120.3.372. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Schachter J., Stoner E., Moncada J. Screening for chlamydial infections in women attending family planning clinics. West J Med. 1983 Mar;138(3):375–379. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Schachter J., Sweet R. L., Grossman M., Landers D., Robbie M., Bishop E. Experience with the routine use of erythromycin for chlamydial infections in pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1986 Jan 30;314(5):276–279. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198601303140503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Schachter J. Why we need a program for the control of Chlamydia trachomatis. N Engl J Med. 1989 Mar 23;320(12):802–804. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198903233201210. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Shafer M. A., Beck A., Blain B., Dole P., Irwin C. E., Jr, Sweet R., Schachter J. Chlamydia trachomatis: important relationships to race, contraception, lower genital tract infection, and Papanicolaou smear. J Pediatr. 1984 Jan;104(1):141–146. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(84)80614-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Shafer M. A., Prager V., Shalwitz J., Vaughan E., Moscicki B., Brown R., Wibbelsman C., Schachter J. Prevalence of urethral Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among asymptomatic, sexually active adolescent boys. J Infect Dis. 1987 Jul;156(1):223–224. doi: 10.1093/infdis/156.1.223. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Stamm W. E., Guinan M. E., Johnson C., Starcher T., Holmes K. K., McCormack W. M. Effect of treatment regimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae on simultaneous infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. N Engl J Med. 1984 Mar 1;310(9):545–549. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198403013100901. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Stamm W. E., Wagner K. F., Amsel R., Alexander E. R., Turck M., Counts G. W., Holmes K. K. Causes of the acute urethral syndrome in women. N Engl J Med. 1980 Aug 21;303(8):409–415. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198008213030801. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Sweet R. L., Landers D. V., Walker C., Schachter J. Chlamydia trachomatis infection and pregnancy outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Apr;156(4):824–833. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(87)90338-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Tam M. R., Stamm W. E., Handsfield H. H., Stephens R., Kuo C. C., Holmes K. K., Ditzenberger K., Krieger M., Nowinski R. C. Culture-independent diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis using monoclonal antibodies. N Engl J Med. 1984 May 3;310(18):1146–1150. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198405033101803. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Wager G. P., Martin D. H., Koutsky L., Eschenbach D. A., Daling J. R., Chiang W. T., Alexander E. R., Holmes K. K. Puerperal infectious morbidity: relationship to route of delivery and to antepartum Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Dec 1;138(7 Pt 2):1028–1033. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(80)91102-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Wang S. P., Grayston J. T. Human serology in Chlamydia trachomatis infection with microimmunofluorescence. J Infect Dis. 1974 Oct;130(4):388–397. doi: 10.1093/infdis/130.4.388. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Wang S. P., Grayston J. T. Immunologic relationship between genital TRIC, lymphogranuloma venereum, and related organisms in a new microtiter indirect immunofluorescence test. Am J Ophthalmol. 1970 Sep;70(3):367–374. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(70)90096-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Washington A. E., Gove S., Schachter J., Sweet R. L. Oral contraceptives, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, and pelvic inflammatory disease. A word of caution about protection. JAMA. 1985 Apr 19;253(15):2246–2250. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Watkins N. G., Hadlow W. J., Moos A. B., Caldwell H. D. Ocular delayed hypersensitivity: a pathogenetic mechanism of chlamydial-conjunctivitis in guinea pigs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(19):7480–7484. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.19.7480. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Weiss S. G., Newcomb R. W., Beem M. O. Pulmonary assessment of children after chlamydial pneumonia of infancy. J Pediatr. 1986 May;108(5 Pt 1):659–664. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)81037-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Weström L. Gynecological chlamydial infections. Infection. 1982;10 (Suppl 1):S40–S45. doi: 10.1007/BF01640713. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Wong S. Y., Gray E. S., Buxton D., Finlayson J., Johnson F. W. Acute placentitis and spontaneous abortion caused by chlamydia psittaci of sheep origin: a histological and ultrastructural study. J Clin Pathol. 1985 Jun;38(6):707–711. doi: 10.1136/jcp.38.6.707. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Western Journal of Medicine are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES