REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Antibodies
F4/80 antibody	Proteintech	Cat# 28463-1-AP; RRID: AB_2881149
ZO-1 antibody	Proteintech	Cat# 21773-1-AP; RRID: AB_10733242
Occludin antibody	Proteintech	Cat# 27260-1-AP; RRID: AB_2880820
Claudin-1 antibody	Proteintech	Cat# 13050-1-AP; RRID: AB_2079881
AhR antibody	Invitrogen	Cat# MA1-513; RRID: AB_2223958
Biological samples
Human saliva samples	Nanjing Stomatological Hospital (Ethical approvement:2019NL008(KS))	N/A
Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins
2-chlorophenylalanine	Aladdin	Cat# 103616-89-3
methanol	Thermo Fisher Scientific	Cat# 67-56-1
chloroform	Thermo Fisher Scientific	Cat# 67-66-3
methanoic acid	Thermo Fisher Scientific	Cat# 64-18-6
acetonitrile	Thermo Fisher Scientific	Cat# 75-05-8
Critical commercial assays
TG	Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute	Cat# A110-1-1
TC	Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute	Cat# A111-1-1
HDL-C	Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute	Cat# A112-1-1
LDL-C	Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute	Cat# A113-1-1
ALT	Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute	Cat# C009-2-1
AST	Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute	Cat# C010-2-1
Lipopolysaccharide ELISA kit	Cloud-Clone	Cat# SEB526
RNA Easy Fast Tissue Kit	TIANGEN	Cat# DP451
HiScript III RT SuperMix for qPCR	Vazyme	Cat# R323-01
PowerUp SYBR Green Master Mix	Thermo Fisher Scientific	Cat# A25742
Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA Assay Kit	Invitrogen	Cat# P7589
TruSeq Nano DNA Library Prep Kit	Illumina Inc.	Cat# FC-121-4001
MagPure Stool DNA LQ Kit	Magen	Cat# D6364
NovaSeq 6000 SP Reagent Kit	Illumina Inc.	Cat# 20027464
Deposited data
Raw data	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/	PRJNA857856
Experimental models: Organisms/strains
Mouse: C57BL/6J	Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd.	Cat# 219
Oligonucleotides
Primer sequences. See Table S1	This paper	N/A
Software and algorithms
GraphPad Prism v8.0	GraphPad Software	RRID:SCR_002798
QIIME 2	https://qiime2.org/	RRID:SCR_018074
R packages v4.0.0	https://www.r-project.org/	RRID: SCR_001905
Silva database Release132	http://www.arb-silva.de	RRID:SCR_006423
Other
ND diet	Jiangsu Xietong Bioengineering Co., Ltd	D12450J
HFD diet	Jiangsu Xietong Bioengineering Co., Ltd	D12492