Table 1.
Patient demographics after propensity score matching
| Total N=1,756 | non-SGLT2i N=878 | SGLT2i N=878 | SMD (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 65 (58–73) | 65 (59–75) | 65 (58–71) | −0.2 |
| Male | 931 (53%) | 456 (52%) | 475 (54%) | 4.3 |
| Year of cancer diagnosis | 2016 (2013–2019) | 2016 (2013–2019) | 2016 (2013–2019) | −2.7 |
| Institution | ||||
| Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital | 539 (31%) | 277 (32%) | 262 (30%) | 3.6 |
| Chung Shan Medical University Hospital | 1,217 (69%) | 601 (68%) | 616 (70%) | |
| Cancer type | ||||
| Gastrointestinal | 623 (35%) | 311 (35%) | 312 (36%) | |
| Genitourinary | 311 (18%) | 145 (17%) | 166 (19%) | |
| Thoracic | 222 (13%) | 116 (13%) | 106 (12%) | |
| Head and neck | 180 (10%) | 95 (11%) | 85 (10%) | 1.4 |
| Breast | 199 (11%) | 97 (11%) | 102 (12%) | |
| Hematologic | 83 (5%) | 52 (6%) | 31 (4%) | |
| Skin | 27 (2%) | 17 (2%) | 10 (1%) | |
| Others | 111 (6%) | 45 (5%) | 66 (8%) | |
| Metastatic disease | 322 (18%) | 158 (18%) | 164 (19%) | 1.7 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease* | 325 (19%) | 162 (18%) | 163 (19%) | 0.3 |
| Heart failure | 84 (5%) | 43 (5%) | 41 (5%) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 59 (3%) | 23 (3%) | 36 (4%) | |
| Ischemic stroke | 62 (4%) | 37 (4%) | 25 (3%) | |
| Arrhythmia | 188 (11%) | 98 (11%) | 90 (10%) | |
| Hypertension | 1,319 (75%) | 674 (77%) | 645 (73%) | −7.1 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1,090 (62%) | 548 (62%) | 542 (62%) | −1.4 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 245 (14%) | 122 (14%) | 123 (14%) | 0.3 |
| COPD | 177 (10%) | 89 (10%) | 88 (10%) | −0.4 |
| Cardiovascular medications | ||||
| ACEI/ARB | 992 (56%) | 508 (58%) | 484 (55%) | −5.6 |
| Beta-blockers | 1,034 (59%) | 527 (60%) | 507 (58%) | −4.7 |
| Diuretics | 748 (43%) | 383 (44%) | 365 (42%) | −4.2 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 955 (54%) | 481 (55%) | 474 (54%) | −1.6 |
| Statin | 990 (56%) | 492 (56%) | 498 (57%) | 1.5 |
| Aspirin | 390 (22%) | 203 (23%) | 187 (21%) | −4.5 |
| Cancer therapy | ||||
| Alkylating agents | 82 (5%) | 37 (4%) | 45 (5%) | 4.7 |
| Antimetabolites | 310 (18%) | 153 (17%) | 157 (18%) | 1.3 |
| Platinum | 216 (12%) | 112 (13%) | 104 (12%) | −3 |
| Plant alkaloids | 190 (11%) | 100 (11%) | 90 (10%) | −4.1 |
| Anthracyclines | 136 (8%) | 70 (8%) | 66 (8%) | −1.9 |
| Tyrosine kinase inhibitors | 71 (4%) | 35 (4%) | 36 (4%) | 0.6 |
| HER2 inhibitors | 32 (2%) | 14 (2%) | 18 (2%) | 4 |
| VEGF inhibitors | 29 (2%) | 15 (2%) | 14 (2%) | −1.1 |
| Immune checkpoint inhibitors | 22 (1%) | 11 (1%) | 11 (1%) | 0 |
| Radiotherapy | 47 (3%) | 23 (3%) | 24 (3%) | 0.8 |
Abbreviations: ACEI-ARB, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors-angiotensin receptor blockers; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HER2, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; SGLT2i, Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; SMD, standardized mean differences; VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor
*
History of heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and arrhythmia