Abstract
Serum samples from 22 patients with infective endocarditis were analysed for the presence of antibodies to cardiolipin, false positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and rheumatoid factor in order to determine the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies, their level, and to ascertain whether there was any correlation with the presence of rheumatoid factor. Although the latex test was positive in 10/22 (45%) patients, anticardiolipin antibodies, usually of a low level, were raised in only four (18%), and the VDRL test was positive in two patients in whom other antibodies were negative. These results show a clear discordance between these three tests, indicating that B cell production of these antibodies is separate and distinct. As with other infections which result in anticardiolipin antibody production, no thrombotic events were encountered.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Asherson R. A., Gibson D. G., Evans D. W., Baguley E., Hughes G. R. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in two patients with antiphospholipid antibodies, heart valve lesions, and transient ischaemic attacks. Ann Rheum Dis. 1988 Nov;47(11):947–953. doi: 10.1136/ard.47.11.947. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Azevedo J., Ribeiro C., Loureiro O., Cordeiro A. Rheumatic symptoms and signs in subacute infective endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 1984 Oct;5 (Suppl 100):71–75. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/5.suppl_c.71. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Canoso R. T., Zon L. I., Groopman J. E. Anticardiolipin antibodies associated with HTLV-III infection. Br J Haematol. 1987 Apr;65(4):495–498. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1987.tb04157.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Galve E., Candell-Riera J., Pigrau C., Permanyer-Miralda G., Garcia-Del-Castillo H., Soler-Soler J. Prevalence, morphologic types, and evolution of cardiac valvular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 1988 Sep 29;319(13):817–823. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198809293191302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gharavi A. E., Harris E. N., Asherson R. A., Hughes G. R. Anticardiolipin antibodies: isotype distribution and phospholipid specificity. Ann Rheum Dis. 1987 Jan;46(1):1–6. doi: 10.1136/ard.46.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harris E. N., Gharavi A. E., Wasley G. D., Hughes G. R. Use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and of inhibition studies to distinguish between antibodies to cardiolipin from patients with syphilis or autoimmune disorders. J Infect Dis. 1988 Jan;157(1):23–31. doi: 10.1093/infdis/157.1.23. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kahan A., Amor B., de Vernejoul F., Saporta L. Libman-Sacks endocarditis: the diagnostic importance of two-dimensional echocardiography. Br J Rheumatol. 1985 May;24(2):187–190. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/24.2.187. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klinkhoff A. V., Thompson C. R., Reid G. D., Tomlinson C. W. M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus. JAMA. 1985 Jun 14;253(22):3273–3277. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koh L. Y., Jones D. N., Roberts-Thomson P. J. Appearance of low molecular weight IgM during course of infective endocarditis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 Jun;64(3):471–475. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lehman T. J., Palmeri S. T., Hastings C., Klippel J. H., Plotz P. H. Bacterial endocarditis complicating systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 1983 Aug;10(4):655–658. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Messner R. P., Laxdal T., Quie P. G., Williams R. C., Jr Rheumatoid factors in subacute bacterial endocarditis--bacterium, duration of disease or genetic predisposition? Ann Intern Med. 1968 Apr;68(4):746–756. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-68-4-746. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Paget S. A., Bulkley B. H., Grauer L. E., Seningen R. Mitral valve disease of systemic lupus erythematosus. A cause of severe congestive heart failure reversed by valve replacement. Am J Med. 1975 Jul;59(1):134–139. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(75)90331-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rawsthorne L., Ptacin M. J., Choi H., Olinger G. N., Bamrah V. S. Lupus valvulitis necessitating double valve replacement. Arthritis Rheum. 1981 Mar;24(3):561–564. doi: 10.1002/art.1780240319. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roberts-Thomson P. J., Koh L. Y., Kennedy A., Smith M. D., Neoh S., Turnidge J. Serological investigations in the diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis. Aust N Z J Med. 1986 Dec;16(6):761–765. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00032a.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Straaton K. V., Chatham W. W., Reveille J. D., Koopman W. J., Smith S. H. Clinically significant valvular heart disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med. 1988 Nov;85(5):645–650. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(88)80236-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thomas P., Allal J., Bontoux D., Rossi F., Poupet J. Y., Petitalot J. P., Becq-Giraudon B. Rheumatological manifestations of infective endocarditis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1984 Oct;43(5):716–720. doi: 10.1136/ard.43.5.716. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tornos M. P., Galve E., Pahissa A. Clinical considerations regarding infective Libman-Sacks endocarditis. Int J Cardiol. 1985 Apr;7(4):409–412. doi: 10.1016/0167-5273(85)90095-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaarala O., Palosuo T., Kleemola M., Aho K. Anticardiolipin response in acute infections. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1986 Oct;41(1):8–15. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(86)90046-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaughton K. C., Walker D. R., Sturridge M. F. Mitral valve replacement for mitral stenosis caused by Libman-Sacks endocarditis. Br Heart J. 1979 Jun;41(6):730–733. doi: 10.1136/hrt.41.6.730. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]