HIF-MSCs promoted M1 macrophage polarization toward M2 macrophages in vivo. (A). Immunofluorescence analysis was used to detect the expressions of F4/80+CD86+ and F4/80+CD163+ in colonic tissue, revealing that HIF-MSCs significantly decreased the relative expression ratio of F4/80+CD86+ and increased the relative expression ratio of F4/80+CD163+ compared with those promoted by PBS and MSCs (**** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05). (B). Western blotting analysis was used to detect the M2 characteristic Arg-1 and the M1 characteristic INOS. HIF-MSCs upregulated Arg-1 expression and downregulated INOS expression in colon tissue compared with PBS and MSCs (**** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05). “ns” represented no significant difference.