Table 1.
A) a list of the single brain area, reticular nucleus of the thalamus, that significantly differs (p=0.021, critical value p<0.05) in volume between adult female and male voles that were treated with saline vehicle within 24 hrs of parturition. Shown are the average and standard deviation in volume in mm3 and effects size (omega square ωSq). With a false discovery rate (FDR) p=0.0017 this singular finding can be dismissed concluding there is no sex difference in brain volumes between female and male voles resulting following the OXT manipulation used here. In contrast, Table 1B lists the brain areas that are significantly different in volume between adult female and male voles exposed to OXT during birth (FDR p=0.043). The brain areas are ranked in order of significance and are truncated from a larger list of 116 areas taken from the vole MRI atlas (see Supplementary Table S1).
| A | Female Vehicle vs Male Vehicle - Brain Volumes (mm3) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | |||||||
| Brain Area | Ave | SD | Ave | SD | P-val | ω Sq | ||
| reticular n. | 2.6 | 0.4 | > | 2.3 | 0.3 | 0.021 | 0.167325 | |
| B | Female Oxytocin vs Male Oxytocin - Brain Volumes (mm3) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | |||||||
| Brain Area | Ave | SD | Ave | SD | P-val | ω Sq | ||
| frontal association ctx | 12.4 | 3.1 | > | 9.7 | 2.8 | 0.003 | 0.168232 | |
| ventral tegmental area | 0.6 | 0.2 | < | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.008 | 0.134096 | |
| vestibular n. | 1.5 | 0.6 | < | 2.2 | 0.8 | 0.009 | 0.12879 | |
| agranular insular ctx | 11.6 | 2.7 | > | 9.7 | 2.5 | 0.010 | 0.127444 | |
| retrosplenial ctx | 7.5 | 0.8 | > | 6.7 | 1.0 | 0.014 | 0.112513 | |
| gigantocellular reticular n. | 5.1 | 1.3 | < | 5.8 | 1.6 | 0.017 | 0.104148 | |
| median raphe n. | 0.5 | 0.2 | < | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.019 | 0.100934 | |
| secondary motor ctx | 13.1 | 2.2 | > | 11.4 | 2.5 | 0.019 | 0.100645 | |
| anterior hypothalamus | 3.6 | 0.9 | > | 3.1 | 1.0 | 0.019 | 0.099491 | |
| parasubiculum | 1.4 | 0.4 | < | 1.8 | 0.5 | 0.021 | 0.096134 | |
| paraflocculus cerebellum | 5.4 | 1.7 | < | 6.1 | 1.6 | 0.022 | 0.094944 | |
| cuneate n. | 0.1 | 0.2 | < | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.026 | 0.087519 | |
| parietal ctx | 2.5 | 0.7 | > | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.029 | 0.083929 | |
| 7th cerebellar lobule | 0.6 | 1.4 | < | 2.3 | 2.8 | 0.031 | 0.08128 | |
| claustrum | 1.9 | 0.5 | > | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.031 | 0.080768 | |
| medullary reticular n. | 0.9 | 2.2 | < | 2.7 | 3.4 | 0.036 | 0.07577 | |
| olivary n. | 1.1 | 0.6 | < | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.036 | 0.075573 | |
| rostral piriform ctx | 11.9 | 1.7 | > | 10.5 | 2.3 | 0.039 | 0.072415 | |
| reticulotegmental n. | 1.9 | 0.7 | < | 2.3 | 0.6 | 0.041 | 0.07042 | |
| pontine reticular n. oral | 2.0 | 0.8 | < | 2.7 | 1.2 | 0.042 | 0.069447 | |
| anterior olfactory n. | 14.1 | 2.1 | > | 12.2 | 2.8 | 0.045 | 0.067423 | |
| anterior cingulate ctx | 4.1 | 1.1 | > | 3.5 | 0.8 | 0.045 | 0.067423 | |
| glomerular layer olfactory bulb | 16.6 | 2.9 | > | 15.2 | 2.9 | 0.046 | 0.066422 | |
| lateral preoptic area | 1.4 | 0.3 | > | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.052 | 0.061681 | |
| caudal piriform ctx | 9.0 | 1.4 | > | 8.3 | 1.2 | 0.052 | 0.061604 | |