Abstract
Clark, D. G. and Hurst, E. W. (1970).Brit. J. industr. Med.,27, 51-55. The toxicity of diquat. The acute toxicity of diquat has been assessed in several species. The oral LD50 ranged from about 30 mg/kg in cattle to 231 mg/kg in the rat. Large doses of diquat gave rise to symptoms indicative of an action on the central nervous system, but smaller doses did not suggest an obvious mode of action to account for the deaths, which were sometimes delayed for up to 14 days.
The 24-hour percutaneous LD50 in the rabbit was greater than 400 mg/kg. This dose did not irritate the skin. A drop of a 20% aqueous solution of diquat in the conjunctival sac of the rabbit eye caused only slight irritation.
The chronic administration of diquat dichloride in the diet for several months led to bilateral cataract in the rat and the dog. A concentration of 0·05% in the rat diet caused bilateral opacities in all rats within 12 months, but 0·001% diquat did not cause any opacities in two years. Bilateral opacities of the lenses of all dogs occurred within 12 months of administration of 15 mg/kg/day, but 1·7 mg/kg/day was without effect after four years.
Full text
PDF




Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Cameron M. E. Ocular melanosis with special reference to chlorpromazine. Br J Ophthalmol. 1967 May;51(5):295–305. doi: 10.1136/bjo.51.5.295. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark D. G., McElligott T. F., Hurst E. W. The toxicity of paraquat. Br J Ind Med. 1966 Apr;23(2):126–132. doi: 10.1136/oem.23.2.126. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Daniel J. W., Gage J. C. Absorption and excretion of diquat and paraquat in rats. Br J Ind Med. 1966 Apr;23(2):133–136. doi: 10.1136/oem.23.2.133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ELTON R. L., ZARROW I. G., ZARROW M. X. Depletion of adrenal ascorbic acid and cholesterol: a comparative study. Endocrinology. 1959 Aug;65(2):152–157. doi: 10.1210/endo-65-2-152. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gage J. C. Toxicity of paraquat and diquat aerosols generated by a size-selective cyclone: effect of particle size distribution. Br J Ind Med. 1968 Oct;25(4):304–314. doi: 10.1136/oem.25.4.304. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MARSH W. H., FINGERHUT B., KIRSCH E. Adaptation of an alkaline phosphatase method for automatic colorimetric analysis. Clin Chem. 1959 Apr;5(2):119–126. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McDonald C. J., Snell R. S., Lerner A. B. The effect of chlorpromazine on oculocutaneous pigmentation in the guinea pig. J Invest Dermatol. 1967 Jul;49(1):39–42. doi: 10.1038/jid.1967.102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SCHANKER L. S., TOCCO D. J., BRODIE B. B., HOGBEN C. A. Absorption of drugs from the rat small intestine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1958 May;123(1):81–88. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SELIGSON D., MARINO J., DODSON E. Determination of sulfobromophthalein in serum. Clin Chem. 1957 Oct;3(5):638–645. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SKEGGS L. T., Jr An automatic method for colorimetric analysis. Am J Clin Pathol. 1957 Sep;28(3):311–322. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/28.3_ts.311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Siddall J. R. The ocular toxic findings with prolonged and high dosage chlorpromazine intake. Arch Ophthalmol. 1965 Oct;74(4):460–464. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1965.00970040462005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thompson W. R. USE OF MOVING AVERAGES AND INTERPOLATION TO ESTIMATE MEDIAN-EFFECTIVE DOSE: I. Fundamental Formulas, Estimation of Error, and Relation to Other Methods. Bacteriol Rev. 1947 Jun;11(2):115–145. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]