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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 20.
Published in final edited form as: Med. 2023 Mar 8;4(4):233–244. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2023.02.003

Table 1.

The characteristics of phase 2 and 3 clinical trials and their corresponding OS durations and abscopal response frequencies in patients with the abscopal effect

Clinical trial Phase Tumor type RT modality Sequence of systemic therapy RT Systemic therapy OS duration AR frequency (%)
NCT02474186 8 2 multiple conventional sequential GM-CSF and concurrent chemotherapy 35 Gy/10 fractions chemotherapy, GM-CSF 20.98 months 27
ChiCTR-190002776846 1 lung cancer SBRT sequential 40–50 Gy/5 fractions and hypofractionated brachytherapy nivolumab NR 45.2
NCT03332069 47 3 cervical cancer conventional concurrent 50 Gy/25 fractions, brachytherapy, and electrohypothermia cisplatin not assessed 24.1
NCT02239900 48 2 multiple SBRT concurrent vs. sequential 50–60 Gy/4–10 fractions ipilimumab NR 26
NCT03450967 49 2 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma proton therapy concurrent 25 Gy/5 fractions durvalumab and tremelimumab 6.40 months 27.3
NCT02710253 50 2 multiple conventional or SBRT concurrent unknown immunotherapy not assessed 11
NCT01502293 51 2 melanoma electroporation sequential six sessions, 1,500 V/cm on days 1, 5, and 8 every 90 days intratumoral tavokinogene telseplasmid NR 29.2
NCT02492568; NCT0244474110 2; 1/2 lung cancer conventional or SBRT concurrent vs. sequential 24 Gy/3 fractions, 50 Gy/4 fractions, 45 Gy/15 fractions pembrolizumab 19.20 months 41.7

SBRT, stereotactic body radiation therapy; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; NR, not reached.