Table 3.
Evidence quality for main outcomes assessed according to the GRADE framework.
| Outcome | GRADE | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Overall injury incidence | ||
| Artificial turf vs grass | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency, upgraded due to lack of imprecision |
| Artificial turf vs other surfaces | Very low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency and limited study sample |
| Men | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency, upgraded due to lack of imprecision |
| Women | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, limited sample size, upgraded due to lack of imprecision and inconsistency. |
| Professionals | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency, upgraded due to lack of imprecision |
| Amateurs | Very low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. |
| Matches | Very low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. |
| Training | Very low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. |
| Injury mechanism | ||
| Non-contact | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, imprecision, upgraded due to low inconsistency. |
| Contact | Very low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. |
| Injury type | ||
| Muscle strain | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency, upgraded due to lack of imprecision. |
| Contusions | Low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, imprecision, upgraded due to low inconsistency, |
| Sprains | Very low | Downgraded due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. |