Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Medical Genetics logoLink to Journal of Medical Genetics
. 1992 Feb;29(2):109–111. doi: 10.1136/jmg.29.2.109

Cyclophosphamide increases the frequency of sister chromatid exchange in direct preparations of human chorionic villi in the absence of supplementary enzymatic activation systems.

S Pariani 1, M Buscaglia 1, M Piantanida 1, G Simoni 1
PMCID: PMC1015849  PMID: 1613760

Abstract

A study was performed to evaluate the effect on the frequency of sister chromatid exchange in first trimester chorionic villi of two chemical compounds, mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide. Mitomycin C is generally known to induce an increase in sister chromatid exchange both in vivo and in vitro standard conditions. Cyclophosphamide is a compound requiring additional enzymatic enrichment of the culture medium to express its mutagenic activity under in vitro conditions. We exposed chorionic villi samples to these chemicals without the use of conventional cell cultures and without adding enzymatic extracts to the medium. The results indicate a statistically significant increase in the frequency of sister chromatid exchange after exposure to both compounds and also at lower dosages.

Full text

PDF
109

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bochkov N. P., Filippova T. V., Kuzin S. M., Stukalov S. V. Cytogenetic effects of cyclophosphamide on human lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro. Mutat Res. 1986 Jan-Feb;159(1-2):103–107. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(86)90118-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Carrera P., Orsini S., Terzoli G., Brambati B., Simoni G. Sister chromatid exchanges in first-trimester chorionic villi after in vivo and in vitro exposure to diagnostic ultrasound. Prenat Diagn. 1990 Mar;10(3):141–148. doi: 10.1002/pd.1970100302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Gebhart E. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and structural chromosome aberration in mutagenicity testing. Hum Genet. 1981;58(3):235–254. doi: 10.1007/BF00294917. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Huttner K. M., Ruddle F. H. Study of mitomycin C-induced chromosomal exchange. Chromosoma. 1976 Jun 30;56(1):1–13. doi: 10.1007/BF00293724. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Kram D., Schneider E. L., Senula G. C., Nakanishi Y. Spontaneous and mitomycin-C induced sister-chromatid exchanges. Comparison of in vivo and in vitro systems. Mutat Res. 1979 May;60(3):339–347. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(79)90024-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Latt S. A. Sister chromatid exchanges, indices of human chromosome damage and repair: detection by fluorescence and induction by mitomycin C. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Aug;71(8):3162–3166. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.8.3162. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Lindahl-Kiessling K., Karlberg I., Olofsson A. M. Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges by direct and indirect mutagens in human lymphocytes, co-cultured with intact rat liver cells. Effect of enzyme induction and preservation of the liver cells by freezing in liquid nitrogen. Mutat Res. 1989 Mar;211(1):77–87. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(89)90108-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Mazzullo H. A., Attwood J., Delhanty J. D. Familial polyposis coli: no evidence for increased sensitivity to mitomycin C. J Med Genet. 1988 Apr;25(4):233–237. doi: 10.1136/jmg.25.4.233. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Nakanishi Y., Schneider E. L. In vivo sister-chromatid exchange: a sensitive measure of DNA damage. Mutat Res. 1979 May;60(3):329–337. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(79)90023-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Perry P., Evans H. J. Cytological detection of mutagen-carcinogen exposure by sister chromatid exchange. Nature. 1975 Nov 13;258(5531):121–125. doi: 10.1038/258121a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Ruhland A., Brendel M. Mutagenesis by cytostatic alkylating agents in yeast strains of differing repair capacities. Genetics. 1979 May;92(1):83–97. doi: 10.1093/genetics/92.1.83. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Simoni G., Brambati B., Danesino C., Rossella F., Terzoli G. L., Ferrari M., Fraccaro M. Efficient direct chromosome analyses and enzyme determinations from chorionic villi samples in the first trimester of pregnancy. Hum Genet. 1983;63(4):349–357. doi: 10.1007/BF00274761. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Solomon E., Bobrow M. Sister chromatid exchanges--a sensitive assay of agents damaging human chromosomes. Mutat Res. 1975 Nov;30(2):273–278. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Stetka D. G., Wolff S. Sister chromatid exchange as an assay for genetic damage induced by mutagen-carcinogens. II. In vitro test for compounds requiring metabolic activation. Mutat Res. 1976 Dec;41(2-3):343–350. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(76)90107-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Yokota K., Ueda K., Ohama K., Fujiwara A. Increased spontaneous and mitomycin C-induced sister chromatid exchanges in patients with cancer of the cervix uteri, with special reference to stage of cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1989 Nov;43(1):79–87. doi: 10.1016/0165-4608(89)90130-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Medical Genetics are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES