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. 2022 May 10;78(5):496–503. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217993

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Multivariable MR analyses of eight cell types and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) and FEV₁/forced vital capacity (FVC) forest plot showing multivariable MR estimating the causal effect of multiple cell types on quantitative lung function outcomes, after conditioning on the effects of the SNPs on other cell types. Models were run for each of FEV₁ and the ratio of FEV₁ to FVC separately, but effect sizes are shown next to one another for comparison. Effect sizes (beta, 95% CI) are in SD change in lung function outcome per SD cell count (adjusted for the effects of other cell types). Points of the forest plot represent effect size estimate; whiskers are 95% CIs. MR, Mendelian randomisation.