Skip to main content
NCBI home page
British Heart Journal logoLink to British Heart Journal
. 1992 May;67(5):383–386. doi: 10.1136/hrt.67.5.383

Circulating endothelin in acute ischaemic syndromes.

S G Ray 1, J J McMurray 1, J J Morton 1, H J Dargie 1
PMCID: PMC1024859  PMID: 1389718

Abstract

BACKGROUND--Endothelin is an extremely potent vasoconstrictor that may have a role in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial ischaemia. Atrial natriuretic factor is an endogenous antagonist of endothelin. To find the pattern and possible importance of circulating endothelin in ischaemic heart disease, concentrations in normal controls and those in patients with stable and unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, and chronic cardiac failure were compared. The relation between circulating concentrations of endothelin and atrial natriuretic factor in the aftermath of myocardial infarction was also examined. METHODS--Eighteen patients with acute myocardial infarction, 10 with unstable angina, 10 with stable angina, 12 with chronic cardiac failure, and 10 normal controls were studied. Endothelin concentration was measured in venous plasma by radioimmunoassay. In patients with acute myocardial infarction simultaneous concentrations of endothelin and atrial natriuretic factor were measured on admission and at one, four, and 24 hours. RESULTS--Mean concentrations (SEM) of endothelin were 5.72 (0.19) fmol/ml in controls, 6.56 (0.48) fmol/ml in stable angina, 6.41 (0.48) fmol/ml in unstable angina, and 13.83 (0.95) fmol/ml in chronic cardiac failure. In acute myocardial infarction concentrations were 8.81 (0.69) fmol/ml on admission, 11.85 (1.02) fmol/ml at one hour, 11.88 (1.10) fmol/ml at four hours, and 7.30 (0.49) fmol/ml at 24 hours. Concentrations of atrial natriuretic factor at the same times were 68.1 (13.1) pg/ml, 8.4 (1.5) pg/ml, 24.4 (4.1) pg/ml, and 42.0 (6.9) pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS--Plasma endothelin is raised in chronic heart failure and in the aftermath of acute myocardial infarction but not in stable or unstable angina. After myocardial infarction endothelin concentrations are raised whereas concentrations of atrial natriuretic factor are relatively low. The role of endothelin in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction and its interactions with other humoral factors require further investigation.

Full text

PDF
383

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cernacek P., Stewart D. J. Immunoreactive endothelin in human plasma: marked elevations in patients in cardiogenic shock. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Jun 15;161(2):562–567. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)92636-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chester A. H., Dashwood M. R., Clarke J. G., Larkin S. W., Davies G. J., Tadjkarimi S., Maseri A., Yacoub M. H. Influence of endothelin on human coronary arteries and localization of its binding sites. Am J Cardiol. 1989 Jun 1;63(18):1395–1398. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(89)91055-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Davenport A. P., Ashby M. J., Easton P., Ella S., Bedford J., Dickerson C., Nunez D. J., Capper S. J., Brown M. J. A sensitive radioimmunoassay measuring endothelin-like immunoreactivity in human plasma: comparison of levels in patients with essential hypertension and normotensive control subjects. Clin Sci (Lond) 1990 Mar;78(3):261–264. doi: 10.1042/cs0780261. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Davies M. J., Thomas A. Thrombosis and acute coronary-artery lesions in sudden cardiac ischemic death. N Engl J Med. 1984 May 3;310(18):1137–1140. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198405033101801. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Emori T., Hirata Y., Ohta K., Shichiri M., Marumo F. Secretory mechanism of immunoreactive endothelin in cultured bovine endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Apr 14;160(1):93–100. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)91625-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ernsberger P., Feinland G., Meeley M. P., Reis D. J. Characterization and visualization of clonidine-sensitive imidazole sites in rat kidney which recognize clonidine-displacing substance. Am J Hypertens. 1990 Feb;3(2):90–97. doi: 10.1093/ajh/3.2.90. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fitzgerald D. J., Roy L., Catella F., FitzGerald G. A. Platelet activation in unstable coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 1986 Oct 16;315(16):983–989. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198610163151602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fukuda Y., Hirata Y., Yoshimi H., Kojima T., Kobayashi Y., Yanagisawa M., Masaki T. Endothelin is a potent secretagogue for atrial natriuretic peptide in cultured rat atrial myocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Aug 30;155(1):167–172. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)81064-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Inoue A., Yanagisawa M., Kimura S., Kasuya Y., Miyauchi T., Goto K., Masaki T. The human endothelin family: three structurally and pharmacologically distinct isopeptides predicted by three separate genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2863–2867. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.8.2863. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Koda H., Hashimoto T., Kuriyama K. Effect of buflomedil (4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4,6-trimethoxy phenyl)-1-butanone hydrochloride) on the function of striatal dopaminergic neurons. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1989 Feb;49(2):215–223. doi: 10.1254/jjp.49.215. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kohno M., Murakawa K., Yasunari K., Yokokawa K., Horio T., Kurihara N., Takeda T. Prolonged blood pressure elevation after endothelin administration in bilaterally nephrectomized rats. Metabolism. 1989 Aug;38(8):712–713. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(89)90054-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lew A. S., Laramee P., Cercek B., Shah P. K., Ganz W. The hypotensive effect of intravenous streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1985 Dec;72(6):1321–1326. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.72.6.1321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Miyauchi T., Tomobe Y., Shiba R., Ishikawa T., Yanagisawa M., Kimura S., Sugishita Y., Ito I., Goto K., Masaki T. Involvement of endothelin in the regulation of human vascular tonus. Potent vasoconstrictor effect and existence in endothelial cells. Circulation. 1990 Jun;81(6):1874–1880. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.81.6.1874. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. O'Brien P. C., Shampo M. A. Statistical considerations for performing multiple tests in a single experiment. 5. Comparing two therapies with respect to several endpoints. Mayo Clin Proc. 1988 Nov;63(11):1140–1143. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)65511-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Richards A. M., Tonolo G., McIntyre G. D., Leckie B. J., Robertson J. I. Radio-immunoassay for plasma alpha human atrial natriuretic peptide: a comparison of direct and pre-extracted methods. J Hypertens. 1987 Apr;5(2):227–236. doi: 10.1097/00004872-198704000-00015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Sherman C. T., Litvack F., Grundfest W., Lee M., Hickey A., Chaux A., Kass R., Blanche C., Matloff J., Morgenstern L. Coronary angioscopy in patients with unstable angina pectoris. N Engl J Med. 1986 Oct 9;315(15):913–919. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198610093151501. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Shichiri M., Hirata Y., Ando K., Emori T., Ohta K., Kimoto S., Ogura M., Inoue A., Marumo F. Plasma endothelin levels in hypertension and chronic renal failure. Hypertension. 1990 May;15(5):493–496. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.15.5.493. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Shichiri M., Hirata Y., Ando K., Kanno K., Emori T., Ohta K., Marumo F. Postural change and volume expansion affect plasma endothelin levels. JAMA. 1990 Feb 2;263(5):661–661. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Stasch J. P., Hirth-Dietrich C., Kazda S., Neuser D. Endothelin stimulates release of atrial natriuretic peptides in vitro and in vivo. Life Sci. 1989;45(10):869–875. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(89)90200-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Stewart J. T., Nisbet J. A., Davies M. J. Plasma endothelin in coronary venous blood from patients with either stable or unstable angina. Br Heart J. 1991 Jul;66(1):7–9. doi: 10.1136/hrt.66.1.7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Svanegaard J., Angelo-Nielsen K., Pindborg T. Atrial natriuretic peptide and acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 1989 Jan;117(1):194–195. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(89)90678-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Tan A. C., van Loenhout T. T., Lamfers E. J., Hooghoudt T. E., Kloppenborg P. W., Benraad T. J. Atrial natriuretic peptide after myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 1989 Sep;118(3):490–494. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(89)90262-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Vierhapper H., Wagner O., Nowotny P., Waldhäusl W. Effect of endothelin-1 in man. Circulation. 1990 Apr;81(4):1415–1418. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.81.4.1415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Whittle B. J., Moncada S. The endothelin explosion. A pathophysiological reality or a biological curiosity? Circulation. 1990 Jun;81(6):2022–2025. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.81.6.2022. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Yanagisawa M., Kurihara H., Kimura S., Tomobe Y., Kobayashi M., Mitsui Y., Yazaki Y., Goto K., Masaki T. A novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells. Nature. 1988 Mar 31;332(6163):411–415. doi: 10.1038/332411a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Yanagisawa M., Masaki T. Endothelin, a novel endothelium-derived peptide. Pharmacological activities, regulation and possible roles in cardiovascular control. Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 15;38(12):1877–1883. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(89)90484-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Yasuda M., Kohno M., Tahara A., Itagane H., Toda I., Akioka K., Teragaki M., Oku H., Takeuchi K., Takeda T. Circulating immunoreactive endothelin in ischemic heart disease. Am Heart J. 1990 Apr;119(4):801–806. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(05)80315-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Heart Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES