Abstract
These discussions are selected from the weekly staff conferences in the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Taken from transcriptions, they are prepared by Drs Homer A. Boushey, Professor of Medicine, and David G. Warnock, Associate Professor of Medicine, under the direction of Dr Lloyd H. Smith, Jr, Professor of Medicine and Associate Dean in the School of Medicine. Requests for reprints should be sent to the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aminoff M. J., Simon R. P. Status epilepticus. Causes, clinical features and consequences in 98 patients. Am J Med. 1980 Nov;69(5):657–666. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(80)90415-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bates C. K. Medical risks of cocaine use. West J Med. 1988 Apr;148(4):440–444. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bettinger J. Cocaine intoxication: massive oral overdose. Ann Emerg Med. 1980 Aug;9(8):429–430. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(80)80157-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bogousslavsky J., Regli F. Ischemic stroke in adults younger than 30 years of age. Cause and prognosis. Arch Neurol. 1987 May;44(5):479–482. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520170009012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bozarth M. A., Wise R. A. Toxicity associated with long-term intravenous heroin and cocaine self-administration in the rat. JAMA. 1985 Jul 5;254(1):81–83. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brust J. C., Richter R. W. Stroke associated with cocaine abuse--? N Y State J Med. 1977 Aug;77(9):1473–1475. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Caplan L. R., Hier D. B., Banks G. Current concepts of cerebrovascular disease--stroke: stroke and drug abuse. Stroke. 1982 Nov-Dec;13(6):869–872. doi: 10.1161/01.str.13.6.869. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Catravas J. D., Waters I. W. Acute cocaine intoxication in the conscious dog: studies on the mechanism of lethality. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1981 May;217(2):350–356. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse or subarachnoid hemorrhage? JAMA. 1988 Mar 18;259(11):1648–1649. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chasnoff I. J., Bussey M. E., Savich R., Stack C. M. Perinatal cerebral infarction and maternal cocaine use. J Pediatr. 1986 Mar;108(3):456–459. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80896-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chiueh C. C., Kopin I. J. Centrally mediated release by cocaine of endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine from the sympathoadrenal medullary system of unanesthetized rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1978 Apr;205(1):148–154. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cregler L. L., Mark H. Medical complications of cocaine abuse. N Engl J Med. 1986 Dec 4;315(23):1495–1500. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198612043152327. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Wit H., Wise R. A. Blockade of cocaine reinforcement in rats with the dopamine receptor blocker pimozide, but not with the noradrenergic blockers phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine. Can J Psychol. 1977 Dec;31(4):195–203. doi: 10.1037/h0081662. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Deneau G., Yanagita T., Seevers M. H. Self-administration of psychoactive substances by the monkey. Psychopharmacologia. 1969;16(1):30–48. doi: 10.1007/BF00405254. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Edvinsson L., Aubineau P., Owman C., Sercombe R., Seylaz J. Sympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries: prejunctional supersensitivity to norepinephrine after sympathectomy or cocaine treatment. Stroke. 1975 Sep-Oct;6(5):525–530. doi: 10.1161/01.str.6.5.525. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fischman M. W., Schuster C. R. Cocaine self-administration in humans. Fed Proc. 1982 Feb;41(2):241–246. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gawin F. H., Ellinwood E. H., Jr Cocaine and other stimulants. Actions, abuse, and treatment. N Engl J Med. 1988 May 5;318(18):1173–1182. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198805053181806. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gawin F. H., Kleber H. D. Neuroendocrine findings in a chronic cocaine abusers: a preliminary report. Br J Psychiatry. 1985 Nov;147:569–573. doi: 10.1192/bjp.147.5.569. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Giannini A. J., Malone D. A., Loiselle R. H., Price W. A. Blunting of TSH response to TRH in chronic cocaine and phencyclidine abusers. J Clin Psychiatry. 1987 Jan;48(1):25–26. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Golbe L. I., Merkin M. D. Cerebral infarction in a user of free-base cocaine ("crack"). Neurology. 1986 Dec;36(12):1602–1604. doi: 10.1212/wnl.36.12.1602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jekel J. F., Allen D. F., Podlewski H., Clarke N., Dean-Patterson S., Cartwright P. Epidemic free-base cocaine abuse. Case study from the Bahamas. Lancet. 1986 Mar 1;1(8479):459–462. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92926-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jonsson S., O'Meara M., Young J. B. Acute cocaine poisoning. Importance of treating seizures and acidosis. Am J Med. 1983 Dec;75(6):1061–1064. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90889-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kaye B. R., Fainstat M. Cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse. JAMA. 1987 Oct 16;258(15):2104–2106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leith N. J., Barrett R. J. Self-stimulation and amphetamine: tolerance to d and l isomers and cross tolerance to cocaine and methylphenidate. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1981;74(1):23–28. doi: 10.1007/BF00431751. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levine S. R., Washington J. M., Jefferson M. F., Kieran S. N., Moen M., Feit H., Welch K. M. "Crack" cocaine-associated stroke. Neurology. 1987 Dec;37(12):1849–1853. doi: 10.1212/wnl.37.12.1849. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lichtenfeld P. J., Rubin D. B., Feldman R. S. Subarachnoid hemorrhage precipitated by cocaine snorting. Arch Neurol. 1984 Feb;41(2):223–224. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1984.04050140125041. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowenstein D. H., Aminoff M. J., Simon R. P. Barbiturate anesthesia in the treatment of status epilepticus: clinical experience with 14 patients. Neurology. 1988 Mar;38(3):395–400. doi: 10.1212/wnl.38.3.395. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowenstein D. H., Massa S. M., Rowbotham M. C., Collins S. D., McKinney H. E., Simon R. P. Acute neurologic and psychiatric complications associated with cocaine abuse. Am J Med. 1987 Nov;83(5):841–846. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(87)90640-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MacGregor S. N., Keith L. G., Chasnoff I. J., Rosner M. A., Chisum G. M., Shaw P., Minogue J. P. Cocaine use during pregnancy: adverse perinatal outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Sep;157(3):686–690. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80029-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mason S. T., Corcoran M. E. Catecholamines and convulsions. Brain Res. 1979 Jul 20;170(3):497–507. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90967-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matsuzaki M. Alteration in pattern of EEG activities and convulsant effect of cocaine following chronic adminsitration in the rhesus monkey. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1978 Jul;45(1):1–15. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(78)90336-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mittleman R. E., Wetli C. V. Cocaine and sudden "natural" death. J Forensic Sci. 1987 Jan;32(1):11–19. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nahas G., Trouvé R., Demus J. R., von Sitbon M. A calcium-channel blocker as antidote to the cardiac effects of cocaine intoxication. N Engl J Med. 1985 Aug 22;313(8):519–520. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198508223130816. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- OLDS J., MILNER P. Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1954 Dec;47(6):419–427. doi: 10.1037/h0058775. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oro A. S., Dixon S. D. Perinatal cocaine and methamphetamine exposure: maternal and neonatal correlates. J Pediatr. 1987 Oct;111(4):571–578. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80125-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Post R. M. Cocaine psychoses: a continuum model. Am J Psychiatry. 1975 Mar;132(3):225–231. doi: 10.1176/ajp.132.3.225. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ritz M. C., Lamb R. J., Goldberg S. R., Kuhar M. J. Cocaine receptors on dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine. Science. 1987 Sep 4;237(4819):1219–1223. doi: 10.1126/science.2820058. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rosenberg J., Pentel P., Pond S., Benowitz N., Olson K. Hyperthermia associated with drug intoxication. Crit Care Med. 1986 Nov;14(11):964–969. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198611000-00011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rowbotham M. C., Hooker W. D., Mendelson J., Jones R. T. Cocaine-calcium channel antagonist interactions. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1987;93(2):152–154. doi: 10.1007/BF00179925. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rowbotham M. C., Jones R. T., Benowitz N. L., Jacob P., 3rd Trazodone-oral cocaine interactions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Sep;41(9):895–899. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790200077010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Russell R. D., Stripling J. S. Monoaminergic and local anesthetic components of cocaine's effects on kindled seizure expression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985 Mar;22(3):427–434. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(85)90044-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ryan L., Ehrlich S., Finnegan L. P. Cocaine abuse in pregnancy: effects on the fetus and newborn. NIDA Res Monogr. 1987;76:280–280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Suarez C. A., Arango A., Lester J. L., 3rd Cocaine-codom ingestion. Surgical treatment. JAMA. 1977 Sep 26;238(13):1391–1392. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- TRENDELENBURG U. The supersensitivity caused by cocaine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1959 Jan;125(1):55–65. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tuchman A. J., Daras M., Zalzal P., Mangiardi J. Intracranial hemorrhage after cocaine abuse. JAMA. 1987 Mar 6;257(9):1175–1175. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wojak J. C., Flamm E. S. Intracranial hemorrhage and cocaine use. Stroke. 1987 Jul-Aug;18(4):712–715. doi: 10.1161/01.str.18.4.712. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woods J. R., Jr, Plessinger M. A., Clark K. E. Effect of cocaine on uterine blood flow and fetal oxygenation. JAMA. 1987 Feb 20;257(7):957–961. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wyatt R. J., Karoum F., Suddath R., Fawcett R. Persistently decreased brain dopamine levels and cocaine. JAMA. 1988 May 27;259(20):2996–2996. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]