Acute renal failure has been reported in around 20% of patients treated with CAR-T cells in randomized clinical trials.

There is a significant safety signal regarding the association between CAR-T cells and acute renal failure in a real-life setting, even when reports of cytokine release syndrome are excluded. Dysnatremia, metabolic acidosis, and hypercalcemia were also disproportionately reported, unlike dyskalemia.

Close monitoring of kidney function and hydroelectrolytic disorders could improve the management of patients treated with CAR-T cells.