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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 30.
Published in final edited form as: Biometrics. 2021 Dec 14;79(1):39–48. doi: 10.1111/biom.13601

TABLE 3.

Estimated specificity along with 95% confidence interval at controlled sensitivity level (ρ0) in the aggressive prostate cancer application

ρ0 ϕ^n ϕˆ ϕˆreg ϕ^ROC
0.95 0.239 0.196 (0.108, 0.330) 0.208 (0.118, 0.340) 0.218 (0.127, 0.348)
0.90 0.284 0.318 (0.225, 0.429) 0.316 (0.223, 0.427) 0.321 (0.228, 0.431)
0.85 0.332 0.361 (0.297, 0.430) 0.358 (0.294, 0.428) 0.361 (0.297, 0.430)
0.80 0.392 0.398 (0.320, 0.481) 0.398 (0.320, 0.480) 0.400 (0.323, 0.483)

ϕˆn, estimated specificity without covariate adjustment; ϕˆ, estimated specificity adjusting for age and AA without applying monotonicity restoration; ϕˆreg and ϕˆROC, covariate-adjusted specificity after applying regression- and ROC-based monotonization methods, respectively. The confidence interval is logit transformation-based with sample-based standard error