Table 2.

The summary of recent drug delivery systems, their uses and advantages, and disadvantages.

Recent Drug Delivery System	Advantages	Disadvantages	Therapeutic Use	References
Red Blood Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoparticles Drug Delivery System	Avoids triggering the immune system and achieves long-term circulation. Inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability which avoid accumulation related toxicity.	Being camouflaged as part of the biological system, complex issues of regulation may arise, also, protein identification, purification, and conjugation may be bypassed.	erythrocyte membrane-coated Nano-formulations have been applied in antitumor and anticancer research to substantial accomplishment	[45,46]. [124]
Hyaluronic Acid-Based Drug Nano Carriers Drug Delivery Systems	Good biocompatibility, biodegradable and non-immunogenicity, it has the ability to recognize over-expressed cells and kill them	They may increase cell proliferation when they interact with certain protein receptors, potentially hazardous to cancer patients	Cancer chemotherapy	[56,125]
Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nano sheet Drug Delivery System	Biocompatibility, very little to no level of toxicity, high drug-loading ability	Hydrophobicity makes it challenging to function in a biological system	Used in tumor labeling and sensing	[57]
Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles Drug Delivery System	Physical stability in encapsulation and biocompatibility, in vivo cell delivery efficacy	Poor drug entrapment and loading capacity, Inflammation and tissue damage can affect or inactivate lipids in serum.	Targeted anticancer therapy	[65,126,127]
Self-Micro emulsifying Drug-Delivery System	Bioavailability of poor solubility drugs, long duration stability, protection of drug-sensitive materials, availability of the liquid and solid forms of drugs	Interaction of drugs could potentially accelerate physical aging in patients due to interactions of glyceride and oxidation of vegetable oil.	Used in the treatment of pulmonary infections	[128,129]
In-Situ Gel Drug Delivery System	Increased patient compliance, reduced number of administrations, increased bioavailability, controlled and sustained release	Only drugs with a low dosage can be given, eating and drinking may be restricted after administration for a few hours, low stability due to chemical degradation, require more fluid	Employed in rhinitis, used to reduce ocular intolerance in glaucoma, and insulin permeation interactions.	[83,130]
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (Mems) For Drug Delivery	Large drug loading capacity, bioavailability, precise drug delivery, efficient and less painful	Requires repeated surgeries for refilling	Heart-related conditions, contraceptives in women	[105,108,115]
Combination drug delivery approach	More loading capacity and increased efficacy, sustained drug release, limited cytotoxicity, and immunogenicity.	There could be low patient compliance, inflexible fixed dose ratio, incompatible pharmacokinetics, increased toxicity	Chemotherapy, hypothermia therapy	[117,119,131]
Targeted Drug Delivery System	Reduced side effects and increased efficacy, materials can be metabolized by the liver and kidney thus lower the level of toxicity	High cost of productivity, immunogenicity, and non-specificity of the targeting ligand, can be easily clearance from the blood	Cancer therapy, tumor-related diseases.	[120,132,133]