Skip to main content
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry logoLink to Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
. 1989 Jan;52(1):99–105. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.52.1.99

Cerebral cortical potentials to pure non-painful temperature stimulation: an objective technique for the assessment of small fibre pathway in man.

G A Jamal 1, S Hansen 1, A I Weir 1, J P Ballantyne 1
PMCID: PMC1032665  PMID: 2709042

Abstract

In six healthy subjects cortical potentials were evoked by rapidly changing heating or cooling stimuli to the hand. Recordings were made from the contralateral scalp area overlying the sensori-motor cortex, referred to a frontal reference. The potential averaged from 25 stimuli comprised a large positive wave with a mean amplitude of 9.2, SD 1.1 microV for heat and 8.8 SD 1.2 micro V for cold stimulation. The heat evoked potentials had longer peak latencies (range: 280-350 ms) than those elicited by cold stimuli (range: 178-200 ms). A lower amplitude positive wave of a longer latency was also recorded to both modes of stimulation over the corresponding ipsilateral cortex. Cortical thermal evoked potentials were absent in two patients, one with severe selective small fibre neuropathy and the other with syringomyelia, both of whom had high thermal thresholds demonstrated by the technique of Jamal et al. Cerebral potentials evoked by thermal stimuli may represent an alternative approach to the investigation of the central projections of the human small fibre system with both clinical and research potential.

Full text

PDF
99

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chatt A. B., Kenshalo D. R. Cerebral evoked responses to skin warming recorded from human scalp. Exp Brain Res. 1977 Jul 15;28(5):449–455. doi: 10.1007/BF00236469. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chatt A. B., Kenshalo D. R., Sr The afferent fiber population mediating the thermal evoked response to skin cooling in man. Exp Neurol. 1979 Apr;64(1):146–154. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(79)90011-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DAWSON G. D. A summation technique for the detection of small evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1954 Feb;6(1):65–84. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(54)90007-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Duclaux R., Franzen O., Chatt A. B., Kenshalo D. R., Stowell H. Responses recorded from human scalp evoked by cutaneous thermal stimulation. Brain Res. 1974 Sep 27;78(2):279–290. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(74)90552-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dyck P. J., Zimmerman I. R., O'Brien P. C., Ness A., Caskey P. E., Karnes J., Bushek W. Introduction of automated systems to evaluate touch-pressure, vibration, and thermal cutaneous sensation in man. Ann Neurol. 1978 Dec;4(6):502–510. doi: 10.1002/ana.410040605. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fruhstorfer H., Lindblom U., Schmidt W. C. Method for quantitative estimation of thermal thresholds in patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1976 Nov;39(11):1071–1075. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.39.11.1071. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fruhstorfer H., Zenz M., Nolte H., Hensel H. Dissociated loss of cold and warm sensibility during regional anaesthesia. Pflugers Arch. 1974 May 24;349(1):73–82. doi: 10.1007/BF00587918. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. HENSEL H., BOMAN K. K. Afferent impulses in cutaneous sensory nerves in human subjects. J Neurophysiol. 1960 Sep;23:564–578. doi: 10.1152/jn.1960.23.5.564. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. HENSEL H., STROM L., ZOTTERMAN Y. Electrophysiological measurements of depth of thermoreceptors. J Neurophysiol. 1951 Sep;14(5):423–429. doi: 10.1152/jn.1951.14.5.423. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hellon R. F., Mitchell D. Convergence in a thermal afferent pathway in the rat. J Physiol. 1975 Jun;248(2):359–376. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp010979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Iggo A. Cutaneous thermoreceptors in primates and sub-primates. J Physiol. 1969 Feb;200(2):403–430. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008701. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jamal G. A., Hansen S., Weir A. I., Ballantyne J. P. An improved automated method for the measurement of thermal thresholds. 1. Normal subjects. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Apr;48(4):354–360. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.48.4.354. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jamal G. A., Hansen S., Weir A. I., Ballantyne J. P. The neurophysiologic investigation of small fiber neuropathies. Muscle Nerve. 1987 Jul-Aug;10(6):537–545. doi: 10.1002/mus.880100608. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jamal G. A., Weir A. I., Hansen S., Ballantyne J. P. An improved automated method for the measurement of thermal thresholds. 2. Patients with peripheral neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Apr;48(4):361–366. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.48.4.361. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Konietzny F., Hensel H. The dynamic response of warm units in human skin nerves. Pflugers Arch. 1977 Jul 29;370(1):111–114. doi: 10.1007/BF00707956. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kreisman N. R., Zimmerman I. D. Cortical unit responses to temperature stimulation of the skin. Brain Res. 1971 Jan 8;25(1):184–187. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(71)90578-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mackenzie R. A., Burke D., Skuse N. F., Lethlean A. K. Fibre function and perception during cutaneous nerve block. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1975 Sep;38(9):865–873. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.38.9.865. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nakanishi T., Shimada Y., Toyokura Y. Somatosensory evoked responses to mechanical stimulation in normal subjects and in patients with neurological disorders. J Neurol Sci. 1974 Mar;21(3):289–298. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(74)90173-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Salamy A. Commissural transmission: maturational changes in humans. Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1409–1411. doi: 10.1126/science.208144. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES