Figure 1.

Characteristics of chitin extracted from P. brassica. (a) Cross section of galls of rapeseed stained with WGA488 and the images were taken on confocal microscopy. Bar = 10 μm. (b-d) FTIR spectrum (b), XRD spectrum (c) and TGA thermograms (d) of chitin extract from P. brassicae. (e) Chitinase treatment on the resting spores of P. brassicae. Resting spores of P. brassicae were treated with commercial chitinase for 3 d at room temperature. The number of resting spores of P. brassicae was counted. Statistical analysis was performed by Student’s t-test (two-tailed). Data are mean ± s.D. n = 3 biological replicates. Experiments were repeated three times with similar results. α-chitin is commercial chitin and used as a control in b, c and d.