Figure 4. ATF4 induces ATF3 expression and promotes ZIKV protein and RNA expression.

A549 cells expressing either control or ATF4 targeting shRNA were treated with tunicamycin (TU) or infected with ZIKV (moi=10 PFU/cell). (A) ATF4, ATF3 and ZIKV NS1 proteins were assayed via western blot. (B-C) Fold change in ZIKV and ATF3 RNA levels relative to β-actin mRNA were determined by RT-qPCR. N=3 Error bars show ± SD. Statistical significance was determined by Student T-test. **p<0.005, * non-specific band.