Table 2.
List of the pharmacologically active compounds isolated from maple syrup extracts.
| Comp | Name | MS-BuOH | MS-EtOAc | MS-MeOH | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | |||||
| 1 | Gallic acid | + | [45] | ||
| 2 | 1-Ogalloyl- β-d-glucose | + | [45] | ||
| 3 | γ -Resorcylic acid | + | [45] | ||
| 4 | p-coumaric acid | + | [45] | ||
| 5 | 4-Methoxycinnamic acid | + | [45] | ||
| 6 | Caffeic acid | + | [45] | ||
| 7 | Sinapic acid | + | [45] | ||
| 8 | Chlorogenic acid | + | [45] | ||
| 9 | Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside | + | [45] | ||
| 10 | Kaempferol 3- O-β-d-galactoside | + | [45] | ||
| 11 | (+)-Catechin | + | [45] | ||
| 12 | Quercetin 3-O-β-l-rhamnoside | + | [45] | ||
| 13 | Quercetin 3-O-rhamnoglucoside | + | [45] | ||
| Anti-inflammatory | |||||
| 14 | (E)-3,3′-Dimethoxy-4,4′-dihydroxystilbene | + | [46] | ||
| 15 | 4-Acetylcatechol | + | [46] | ||
| 16 | Tyrosol | + | [46] | ||
| 17 | Protocatechuic acid | + | [46] | ||
| 18 | Gallic acid | [47] | |||
| 19 | 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene | [47] | |||
| 20 | 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde | [47] | |||
| 21 | Syringaldehyde | [47] | |||
| 22 | Vanillin | [47] | |||
| 23 | 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid | [47] | |||
| 24 | Quebecol | + | [48] | ||
| 25 | 2,3-Dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone | + | [4] | ||
| 26 | (Threo, erythro)-1-[4-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(hydrox ymethyl)ethoxy]-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl]-1,2,3-propanetriol | + | [4] | ||
| 27 | 3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-one | + | [4] | ||
| 28 | [3-[4-[(6-Deoxy-α-l-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]methyl]-5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-2(3H)-furanone | + | [4] | ||
| 29 | Syringaresinol | + | [4] | ||
| 30 | (Threo, erythro)-1-[4-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl]-1,2,3-propanetriol | + | [4] | ||
| Antiproliferative | |||||
| 18 | Gallic acid | + | + | + | [49] |
| 31 | C-Veratroylglycol | + | + | + | [49] |
| 32 | 1,2-Benzenediol (catechol) | + | + | [49] | |
| 33 | Syringaldehyde | + | + | [49] | |
| 34 | Catechaldehyde | + | + | [49] | |
| Comp | Name | MS-BuOH | MS-EtOAc | MS-MeOH | Ref |
| 35 | Scopoletin | + | + | + | [49] |
| 36 | Secoisolariciresinol | + | + | + | [49] |
| 37 | 4-Acetylcatechol | + | + | [49] | |
| 38 | Quebecol | + | [49] | ||
| 39 | Fraxetin | + | + | [49] | |
| 40 | E)-Coniferyl alcohol (coniferol) | + | + | [49] | |
| 41 | 1-(2,3,4-Trihydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone | + | + | [49] | |
| 42 | 1-[4-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]-1,2,3-propanetriol | + | + | [49] | |
| 43 | Syringic acid | + | + | + | [49] |
| 44 | 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-propane-1,3-diol (guaiacylglycerol-b-O-40-dihydroconiferyl alcohol) |
+ | + | + | [49] |
| 45 | Syringenin | + | + | [49] | |
| 46 | Vanillin | + | + | + | [49] |
| 47 | Ferulic acid | + | [49] | ||
| 48 | Tyrosol | + | + | [49] | |
| 49 | Ginnalin A | [50] | |||
| Anti-aging | |||||
| 50 | 1,2-Benzenediol | + | [51] | ||
| 51 | 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid | + | [51] | ||
| 52 | 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde | + | [51] | ||
| 53 | 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde | + | [51] | ||
| 54 | Erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4′-dihydroconiferyl alcohol | + | [4] | ||
| 55 | [3-[4-[(6-Deoxy-α-l-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]methyl]-5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-2(3H)-furanone | [4] | |||
| 56 | Secoisolariciresinol | + | [4] | ||
| 57 | Icariside E4 | + | [4] | ||
| 58 | Sakuraresinol | + | [4] | ||
| 59 | Dehydroconiferyl alcohol | + | [4] | ||
| 60 | Syringaresinol | + | [4] | ||
| 61 | 2-[4-[2,3-Dihydro-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-2-benzofuranyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanediol | + | [4] | ||
| 62 | Buddlenol E | + | [4] | ||
| Anti-diabetic | |||||
| 63 | Abscisic acid | [52] | |||