The authors retract this Article due to concerns about the misinterpretation and misrepresentation of electron density data as atomic force microscopy images, specifically in Figures 3 and 7. The authors used the SEM images as a source of the generated topography images shown in Figures 3 and 7 using imaging software (Gwyddion 2.45) to study the surface roughness, as it was mentioned in the experimental part of the paper. However, topographic images were erroneously presented as AFM images in the publication. While the use of SEM images as a source was mentioned in the experimental part of the paper, it was not unambiguously stated in the results and discussion.
Further, the authors admit and apologize for the duplication of content (Figure 2b) published simultaneously in Figure 5a of 10.1016/j.synthmet.2021.116824.
As a result, the authors retract the Article to avoid any misleading conclusions and to maintain scientific integrity. The original Article was published on August 29, 2021. A correction was issued on May 18, 2022, to address editing errors in Figures 1, 5, and S1; however, following the publication of this correction, data misinterpretation concerns were also raised, and as such, the article is being retracted on August 23, 2023.
The original Article was published on August 29, 2021 and retracted on August 23, 2023.