Skip to main content
Journal of Medical Genetics logoLink to Journal of Medical Genetics
. 1986 Oct;23(5):417–420. doi: 10.1136/jmg.23.5.417

A model system for the analysis of gene exclusion: cystic fibrosis and chromosome 19.

B Wainwright, M Farrall, E Watson, R Williamson
PMCID: PMC1049778  PMID: 3783618

Abstract

We have used multilocus analysis to exclude the cystic fibrosis locus from six polymorphic DNA markers covering most of chromosome 19. A substantial increase in the confidence for exclusion was obtained using the computer programme LINKAGE compared to analysis of pairwise lod scores. A structured approach to the analysis of linkage to autosomal recessive inherited diseases where the biochemical defect is not known is described.

Full text

PDF
417

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brook J. D., Shaw D. J., Meredith L., Bruns G. A., Harper P. S. Localisation of genetic markers and orientation of the linkage group on chromosome 19. Hum Genet. 1984;68(4):282–285. doi: 10.1007/BF00292584. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Davies K. E., Gilliam T. C., Williamson R. Cystic fibrosis is not caused by a defect in the gene coding for human complement C3. Mol Biol Med. 1983 Sep;1(2):185–190. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Davies K. E., Pearson P. L., Harper P. S., Murray J. M., O'Brien T., Sarfarazi M., Williamson R. Linkage analysis of two cloned DNA sequences flanking the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus on the short arm of the human X chromosome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Apr 25;11(8):2303–2312. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.8.2303. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Eiberg H., Mohr J., Schmiegelow K., Nielsen L. S., Williamson R. Linkage relationships of paraoxonase (PON) with other markers: indication of PON-cystic fibrosis synteny. Clin Genet. 1985 Oct;28(4):265–271. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1985.tb00400.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Farrall M., Scambler P., North P., Williamson R. The analysis of multiple polymorphic loci on a single human chromosome to exclude linkage to inherited disease: cystic fibrosis and chromosome 4. Am J Hum Genet. 1986 Jan;38(1):75–83. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gilliam T. C., Scambler P., Robbins T., Ingle C., Williamson R., Davies K. E. The positions of three restriction fragment length polymorphisms on chromosome 4 relative to known genetic markers. Hum Genet. 1984;68(2):154–158. doi: 10.1007/BF00279306. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gusella J. F., Wexler N. S., Conneally P. M., Naylor S. L., Anderson M. A., Tanzi R. E., Watkins P. C., Ottina K., Wallace M. R., Sakaguchi A. Y. A polymorphic DNA marker genetically linked to Huntington's disease. Nature. 1983 Nov 17;306(5940):234–238. doi: 10.1038/306234a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Humphries S. E., Jowett N. I., Williams L., Rees A., Vella M., Kessling A., Myklebost O., Lydon A., Seed M., Galton D. J. A DNA polymorphism adjacent to the human apolipoprotein CII gene. Mol Biol Med. 1983 Dec;1(5):463–471. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Humphries S. E., Kessling A. M., Horsthemke B., Donald J. A., Seed M., Jowett N., Holm M., Galton D. J., Wynn V., Williamson R. A common DNA polymorphism of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene and its use in diagnosis. Lancet. 1985 May 4;1(8436):1003–1005. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91611-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Knowles M., Gatzy J., Boucher R. Increased bioelectric potential difference across respiratory epithelia in cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 1981 Dec 17;305(25):1489–1495. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198112173052502. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kunkel L. M., Smith K. D., Boyer S. H., Borgaonkar D. S., Wachtel S. S., Miller O. J., Breg W. R., Jones H. W., Jr, Rary J. M. Analysis of human Y-chromosome-specific reiterated DNA in chromosome variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Mar;74(3):1245–1249. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.3.1245. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lathrop G. M., Lalouel J. M., Julier C., Ott J. Strategies for multilocus linkage analysis in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jun;81(11):3443–3446. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.11.3443. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mayo B. J., Klebe R. J., Barnett D. R., Lankford B. J., Bowman B. H. Somatic cell genetic studies of the cystic fibrosis mucociliary inhibitor. Clin Genet. 1980 Nov;18(5):379–386. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1980.tb02298.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Myklebost O., Williamson B., Markham A. F., Myklebost S. R., Rogers J., Woods D. E., Humphries S. E. The isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for human apolipoprotein CII. J Biol Chem. 1984 Apr 10;259(7):4401–4404. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ott J. Estimation of the recombination fraction in human pedigrees: efficient computation of the likelihood for human linkage studies. Am J Hum Genet. 1974 Sep;26(5):588–597. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Phillips I. R., Shephard E. A., Ashworth A., Rabin B. R. Isolation and sequence of a human cytochrome P-450 cDNA clone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(4):983–987. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.4.983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Quinton P. M., Bijman J. Higher bioelectric potentials due to decreased chloride absorption in the sweat glands of patients with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 1983 May 19;308(20):1185–1189. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198305193082002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Romeo G., Bianco M., Devoto M., Menozzi P., Mastella G., Giunta A. M., Micalizzi C., Antonelli M., Battistini A., Santamaria F. Incidence in Italy, genetic heterogeneity, and segregation analysis of cystic fibrosis. Am J Hum Genet. 1985 Mar;37(2):338–349. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Scambler P. J., Wainwright B. J., Farrall M., Bell J., Stanier P., Lench N. J., Bell G., Kruyer H., Ramirez F., Williamson R. Linkage of COL1A2 collagen gene to cystic fibrosis, and its clinical implications. Lancet. 1985 Nov 30;2(8466):1241–1242. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)90765-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Scambler P. J., Williamson R. The structural gene for human coagulation factor X is located on chromosome 13q34. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1985;39(3):231–233. doi: 10.1159/000132141. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Scambler P., Robbins T., Gilliam C., Boylston A., Tippett P., Williamson R., Davies K. E. Linkage studies between polymorphic markers on chromosome 4 and cystic fibrosis. Hum Genet. 1985;69(3):250–254. doi: 10.1007/BF00293035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Smith D. W., Docter J. M., Ferrier P. E., Frias J. L., Spock A. Possible localisation of the gene for cystic fibrosis of the pancreas to the short arm of chromosome 5. Lancet. 1968 Aug 10;2(7563):309–312. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)90525-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tsui L. C., Buchwald M., Barker D., Braman J. C., Knowlton R., Schumm J. W., Eiberg H., Mohr J., Kennedy D., Plavsic N. Cystic fibrosis locus defined by a genetically linked polymorphic DNA marker. Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1054–1057. doi: 10.1126/science.2997931. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wainwright B. J., Scambler P. J., Schmidtke J., Watson E. A., Law H. Y., Farrall M., Cooke H. J., Eiberg H., Williamson R. Localization of cystic fibrosis locus to human chromosome 7cen-q22. 1985 Nov 28-Dec 4Nature. 318(6044):384–385. doi: 10.1038/318384a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wainwright B. J., Watson E. K., Shephard E. A., Phillips I. R. RFLP for a human cytochrome P-450 gene at 19q13.1-qter (HGM8 provisional designation CYPI). Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jun 25;13(12):4610–4610. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.12.4610. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. White R., Woodward S., Leppert M., O'Connell P., Hoff M., Herbst J., Lalouel J. M., Dean M., Vande Woude G. A closely linked genetic marker for cystic fibrosis. 1985 Nov 28-Dec 4Nature. 318(6044):382–384. doi: 10.1038/318382a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Whitehead A. S., Solomon E., Chambers S., Bodmer W. F., Povey S., Fey G. Assignment of the structural gene for the third component of human complement to chromosome 19. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Aug;79(16):5021–5025. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.16.5021. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Medical Genetics are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES