Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Medical Genetics logoLink to Journal of Medical Genetics
. 1995 Feb;32(2):131–134. doi: 10.1136/jmg.32.2.131

A weak association between TH and DRD2 genes and bipolar affective disorder in a Spanish sample.

I Pérez de Castro 1, J Santos 1, P Torres 1, G Visedo 1, J Saiz-Ruiz 1, C Llinares 1, J Fernández-Piqueras 1
PMCID: PMC1050236  PMID: 7760324

Abstract

Genetic factors play an important role in the aetiology of bipolar affective disorder (BP). So far, results of linkage studies have been largely disappointing. We have searched for a possible association between polymorphic DNA markers of two candidate genes (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH; dopamine D2 receptor gene, DRD2) and BP in a population from central Spain. Our results are consistent with the existence of a weak association between these two genes and BP, in such a way that TH and DRD2 could be considered as minor genes contributing to susceptibility.

Full text

PDF
131

Images in this article

132Image
on p.132

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baron M., Freimer N. F., Risch N., Lerer B., Alexander J. R., Straub R. E., Asokan S., Das K., Peterson A., Amos J. Diminished support for linkage between manic depressive illness and X-chromosome markers in three Israeli pedigrees. Nat Genet. 1993 Jan;3(1):49–55. doi: 10.1038/ng0193-49. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baron M., Risch N., Hamburger R., Mandel B., Kushner S., Newman M., Drumer D., Belmaker R. H. Genetic linkage between X-chromosome markers and bipolar affective illness. Nature. 1987 Mar 19;326(6110):289–292. doi: 10.1038/326289a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. De bruyn A., Mendelbaum K., Sandkuijl L. A., Delvenne V., Hirsch D., Staner L., Mendlewicz J., Van Broeckhoven C. Nonlinkage of bipolar illness to tyrosine hydroxylase, tyrosinase, and D2 and D4 dopamine receptor genes on chromosome 11. Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;151(1):102–106. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.1.102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Detera-Wadleigh S. D., Berrettini W. H., Goldin L. R., Boorman D., Anderson S., Gershon E. S. Close linkage of c-Harvey-ras-1 and the insulin gene to affective disorder is ruled out in three North American pedigrees. 1987 Feb 26-Mar 4Nature. 325(6107):806–808. doi: 10.1038/325806a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Egeland J. A., Gerhard D. S., Pauls D. L., Sussex J. N., Kidd K. K., Allen C. R., Hostetter A. M., Housman D. E. Bipolar affective disorders linked to DNA markers on chromosome 11. 1987 Feb 26-Mar 4Nature. 325(6107):783–787. doi: 10.1038/325783a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gill M., Castle D., Hunt N., Clements A., Sham P., Murray R. M. Tyrosine hydroxylase polymorphisms and bipolar affective disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 1991;25(4):179–184. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(91)90022-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gill M., McKeon P., Humphries P. Linkage analysis of manic depression in an Irish family using H-ras 1 and INS DNA markers. J Med Genet. 1988 Sep;25(9):634–635. doi: 10.1136/jmg.25.9.634. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hauge X. Y., Grandy D. K., Eubanks J. H., Evans G. A., Civelli O., Litt M. Detection and characterization of additional DNA polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene. Genomics. 1991 Jul;10(3):527–530. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90431-d. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hearne C. M., Ghosh S., Todd J. A. Microsatellites for linkage analysis of genetic traits. Trends Genet. 1992 Aug;8(8):288–294. doi: 10.1016/0168-9525(92)90256-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hodge S. E. Linkage analysis versus association analysis: distinguishing between two models that explain disease-marker associations. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 Aug;53(2):367–384. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hodgkinson S., Sherrington R., Gurling H., Marchbanks R., Reeders S., Mallet J., McInnis M., Petursson H., Brynjolfsson J. Molecular genetic evidence for heterogeneity in manic depression. 1987 Feb 26-Mar 4Nature. 325(6107):805–806. doi: 10.1038/325805a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Holland T., Gosden C. A balanced chromosomal translocation partially co-segregating with psychotic illness in a family. Psychiatry Res. 1990 Apr;32(1):1–8. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(90)90129-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Holmes D., Brynjolfsson J., Brett P., Curtis D., Petursson H., Sherrington R., Gurling H. No evidence for a susceptibility locus predisposing to manic depression in the region of the dopamine (D2) receptor gene. Br J Psychiatry. 1991 May;158:635–641. doi: 10.1192/bjp.158.5.635. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kelsoe J. R., Ginns E. I., Egeland J. A., Gerhard D. S., Goldstein A. M., Bale S. J., Pauls D. L., Long R. T., Kidd K. K., Conte G. Re-evaluation of the linkage relationship between chromosome 11p loci and the gene for bipolar affective disorder in the Old Order Amish. Nature. 1989 Nov 16;342(6247):238–243. doi: 10.1038/342238a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Körner J., Fritze J., Propping P. RFLP alleles at the tyrosine hydroxylase locus: no association found to affective disorders. Psychiatry Res. 1990 Jun;32(3):275–280. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(90)90032-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Leboyer M., Malafosse A., Boularand S., Campion D., Gheysen F., Samolyk D., Henriksson B., Denise E., des Lauriers A., Lepine J. P. Tyrosine hydroxylase polymorphisms associated with manic-depressive illness. Lancet. 1990 May 19;335(8699):1219–1219. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92738-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mitchell P., Selbie L., Waters B., Donald J., Vivero C., Tully M., Shine J. Exclusion of close linkage of bipolar disorder to dopamine D1 and D2 receptor gene markers. J Affect Disord. 1992 May;25(1):1–11. doi: 10.1016/0165-0327(92)90087-m. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nöthen M. M., Erdmann J., Körner J., Lanczik M., Fritze J., Fimmers R., Grandy D. K., O'Dowd B., Propping P. Lack of association between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor genes and bipolar affective disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Feb;149(2):199–201. doi: 10.1176/ajp.149.2.199. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Nöthen M. M., Propping P., Fimmers R. Association versus linkage studies in psychosis genetics. J Med Genet. 1993 Aug;30(8):634–637. doi: 10.1136/jmg.30.8.634. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nöthen M., Körner J., Lanczik M., Fritze J., Propping P. Tyrosine hydroxylase polymorphisms and manic-depressive illness. Lancet. 1990 Sep 1;336(8714):575–575. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92138-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Owen M. J., McGuffin P. Association and linkage: complementary strategies for complex disorders. J Med Genet. 1993 Aug;30(8):638–639. doi: 10.1136/jmg.30.8.638. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Pauls D. L., Gerhard D. S., Lacy L. G., Hostetter A. M., Allen C. R., Bland S. D., LaBuda M. C., Egeland J. A. Linkage of bipolar affective disorders to markers on chromosome 11p is excluded in a second lateral extension of Amish pedigree 110. Genomics. 1991 Nov;11(3):730–736. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90081-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Pérez de Castro I., Torres P., Fernández-Piqueras J., Saiz-Ruiz J., Llinares C. No association between dopamine D4 receptor polymorphism and manic depressive illness. J Med Genet. 1994 Nov;31(11):897–898. doi: 10.1136/jmg.31.11.897-a. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Schaid D. J., Sommer S. S. Genotype relative risks: methods for design and analysis of candidate-gene association studies. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 Nov;53(5):1114–1126. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. St Clair D., Blackwood D., Muir W., Carothers A., Walker M., Spowart G., Gosden C., Evans H. J. Association within a family of a balanced autosomal translocation with major mental illness. Lancet. 1990 Jul 7;336(8706):13–16. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91520-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Todd R. D., O'Malley K. L. Population frequencies of tyrosine hydroxylase restriction fragment length polymorphisms in bipolar affective disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1989 Mar 1;25(5):626–630. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(89)90223-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. WOOLF B. On estimating the relation between blood group and disease. Ann Hum Genet. 1955 Jun;19(4):251–253. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1955.tb01348.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Medical Genetics are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES