Abstract
The Coffin-Lowry syndrome is a rare cause of mental retardation recognised by its distinctive facial and digital features. We have observed an unusual, non-epileptic, cataplexy-like phenomenon in three subjects with the syndrome and we speculate that this feature may go unrecognised. We also provide evidence of neuromuscular dysfunction as part of the phenotype by showing abnormalities on muscle ultrasound in four gene carriers.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Brown P., Rothwell J. C., Thompson P. D., Britton T. C., Day B. L., Marsden C. D. The hyperekplexias and their relationship to the normal startle reflex. Brain. 1991 Aug;114(Pt 4):1903–1928. doi: 10.1093/brain/114.4.1903. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fryns J. P., Vinken L., Van den Berghe H. The Coffin syndrome. Hum Genet. 1977 May 10;36(3):271–276. doi: 10.1007/BF00446276. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Guilleminault C., Gelb M. Clinical aspects and features of cataplexy. Adv Neurol. 1995;67:65–77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heckmatt J. Z., Dubowitz V., Leeman S. Detection of pathological change in dystrophic muscle with B-scan ultrasound imaging. Lancet. 1980 Jun 28;1(8183):1389–1390. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)92656-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heckmatt J. Z., Leeman S., Dubowitz V. Ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of muscle disease. J Pediatr. 1982 Nov;101(5):656–660. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80286-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hunter A. G., Partington M. W., Evans J. A. The Coffin-Lowry syndrome. Experience from four centres. Clin Genet. 1982 May;21(5):321–335. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1982.tb01379.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ishida Y., Oki T., Ono Y., Nogami H. Coffin-Lowry syndrome associated with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition in the ligamenta flava. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992 Feb;(275):144–151. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kandt R. S., Emerson R. G., Singer H. S., Valle D. L., Moser H. W. Cataplexy in variant forms of Niemann-Pick disease. Ann Neurol. 1982 Sep;12(3):284–288. doi: 10.1002/ana.410120313. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowry B., Miller J. R., Fraser F. C. A new dominant gene mental retardation syndrome. Association with small stature, tapering fingers, characteristic facies, and possible hydrocephalus. Am J Dis Child. 1971 Jun;121(6):496–500. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Manford M. R., Fish D. R., Shorvon S. D. Startle provoked epileptic seizures:features in 19 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996 Aug;61(2):151–156. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.61.2.151. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matsuki K., Grumet F. C., Lin X., Gelb M., Guilleminault C., Dement W. C., Mignot E. DQ (rather than DR) gene marks susceptibility to narcolepsy. Lancet. 1992 Apr 25;339(8800):1052–1052. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90571-j. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Partington M. W., Mulley J. C., Sutherland G. R., Thode A., Turner G. A family with the Coffin Lowry syndrome revisited: localization of CLS to Xp21-pter. Am J Med Genet. 1988 May-Jun;30(1-2):509–521. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.1320300153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Procopis P. G., Turner B. Mental retardation, abnormal fingers, and skeletal anomalies: Coffin's syndrome. Am J Dis Child. 1972 Aug;124(2):258–261. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1972.02110140108016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Trivier E., De Cesare D., Jacquot S., Pannetier S., Zackai E., Young I., Mandel J. L., Sassone-Corsi P., Hanauer A. Mutations in the kinase Rsk-2 associated with Coffin-Lowry syndrome. Nature. 1996 Dec 12;384(6609):567–570. doi: 10.1038/384567a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vossler D. G., Wyler A. R., Wilkus R. J., Gardner-Walker G., Vlcek B. W. Cataplexy and monoamine oxidase deficiency in Norrie disease. Neurology. 1996 May;46(5):1258–1261. doi: 10.1212/wnl.46.5.1258. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- YOSS R. E., DALY D. D. Criteria for the diagnosis of the narcoleptic syndrome. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 1957 Jun 12;32(12):320–328. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Young I. D. The Coffin-Lowry syndrome. J Med Genet. 1988 May;25(5):344–348. doi: 10.1136/jmg.25.5.344. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]