In the published article, there was an error in Table 3 as published. The cell line type and the signalling pathway and mechanism attributed to the article by Garrido-Armas et al. (2018) was incorrect. The corrected Table 3 appear below.
TABLE 3.
Paraptosis-inducing compounds against cancer cell lines.
| Sl. No: | Compounds | Cell line type | Cell line | Signalling pathway and mechanism | References | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Breast | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Curcumin | Melanocyte | MDA-MB-434S | Inhibition of mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (mNCX) and proteasome, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs↑, Alix↓ | Yoon et al. 2010 (2012) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, HS578T | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Dimethoxy curcumin | Melanocyte | MDA-MB-434S | Proteasomal inhibition and ER stress, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs ↑, Alix↓ | Yoon et al. (2014a) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, HS578T, MCF-7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | Celastrol | Melanocyte | MDA-MB-434S | Ca2+ overload, proteasomal inhibition via ER stress, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs ↑, p-p38 | Yoon et al. (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epithelial | MCF-7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | 15d-PGJ2 | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | Disruption of sulfhydryl homeostasis, ER stress, pERK1/2↑ | Kar et al. (2009) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| v) | Manumycin A | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, BT-20 | ER stress, accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, p21↑, p27 ↑, PTEN ↑ | Singha et al. (2013) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lymphoblast | HCC1937 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| vi) | Withaferin A | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 | ER stress, ROS production, Alix↓ | Ghosh et al. (2016) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| vii) | Deoxyelephantopin derivative (DETD) | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | Oxidative and ER stress, p-JNK↑ | Shiau et al. (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| viii) | Chalcomoracin | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | ROS production, PINK1 ↑, Alix ↓, p-ERK↑ | Han et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ix) | 6-Shogaol | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | Proteasomal inhibition, ER stress | Nedungadi, et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| x) | Plumbagin | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | Disruption of sulfhydryl homeostasis and inhibition of proteasome | Binoy et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xi) | 2′-hydroxy-retrochalcone | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | Proteasomal dysfunction and ER stress | Nedungadi et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xii) | Indirubin-3′-monoxime (I3M) | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | Proteasomal dysfunction and ER stress-mediated Ca2+ release. | Dilshara et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xiii) | Cannabinoids (C6 combination) | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 | ER stress (GRP78 increase) | Schoeman et al. (2020) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xiv) | Gambogic Acid | Epithelial | MDA-MB-453, MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-435S | Disruption of thiol proteostasis | Seo et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Melanocyte | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| xv) | 5,7-dibromo-8-(methoxymethoxy)-2-methylquinoline (HQ-11) | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 | ER stress, proteasomal inhibition, pERK↑ | Ma et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xvi) | Glabridin | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 | ER stress, poly ubiquitinated protein accumulation, proteasome suppression, ROS production, MMP loss | Cui and Cui (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xvii) | Isoxazole derivative of usnic acid | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 | ER stress, IP3R channel activation | Pyrczak-Felczykowska et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xviii) | Derivative of pyrazolo[3,4-h]quinoline scaffold (YRL1091) | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 | ER stress, accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, ROS production, ERK↑, JNK↑, Alix↓ | Nguyen et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xix) | Ginger extract | Epithelial | MDA-MB-231 | ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, AIF translocation and DNA damage | Nedungadi et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xx) | Disulfiram oxy-derivatives | Epithelial | MCF-7 | ER stress, mitochondrial damage, 20S proteasome inhibition and actin depolymerization at later stages | Solovieva et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2. Brain | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Curcumin | Glioblastoma | A172 | via microRNAs, AKT-Insulin, and p53-BCL2 networks, and AKT protein level reduction was confirmed | Garrido-Armas et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Ophiobolin A | Pleomorphicastrocytoid, Neuronal, Fibroblast, Fibroblast) Fibroblast | U373-MG, U251N, U251MG, A172 | ER stress, NAC inhibition, decrease of BKCa channel | Bury et al. (2013) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| T98G | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | Oligomeric Procyanidins | Epithelial | U-87 | Extracellular Ca2+ influx, pERK1/2↑, p-p38 ↑ | (Zhang et al., 2010) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | Paclitaxel | Epithelial | U-87 | CHX has no effect, MEK, p38 and JNK pathways are not involved | Sun et al. (2010) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| v) | Yessotoxin | Muscle cells from intracranial tumor | BC3H1 | ER and mitochondrial swelling, p-JNK↑ | Korsnes et al. (2011) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| vi) | 1-Desulfo Yessotoxin | Muscle cells from intracranial tumor | BC3H1 | ER and mitochondrial swelling, p-p38↑ | Korsnes et al. (2013) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| vii) | Xanthohumol | Epithelial | SH-SY5Y | ER stress and LC3B upregulation, p38 ↑ | Mi et al. (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3. Blood | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Honokiol | Lymphoblast | K562 | ROS generation ROS generation, ER stress, LC3 upregulation, mTOR and MAPK activated | Liu et al. (2021), Wang et al. (2013) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Promyelocyte | NB4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Xanthohumol | Promyeloblast | HL-60 | ER stress and LC3B upregulation, p38 ↑ | Mi et al. (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | Iturin lipopeptide | Lymphoblast | K562 | LC3B and p62 upregulation | Zhao et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | Brassinin | Lymphoblast | K562 | ROS production, mitochondrial damage, ER stress, and activation of MAPK | Yang et al. (2023) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lymphoblast-like | KBM5, LAMA84, and KCL22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4. Cervical | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Celastrol | Epithelial | HeLa | Proteasome inhibition, Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs ↑, p-p38 ↑ | Wang et al. (2012) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Cyclosporin A | Epithelial | HeLa, SiHa | LC3 upregulation, Cyclophilin B↓, Alix↓ | Ram and Ramakrishna (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | 8-p-Hydroxybenzoyl tovarol | Epithelial | HeLa | Bip, CHOP, IRE1α and XBP1 upregulation | Zhang et al. (2015) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | Seleno-DL-Cystine | Epithelial | HeLa | Bip and CHOP polyubiquitination upregulation, ROS generation | Wallenberg et al. (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| v) | Paclitaxel | Epithelial | HeLa | CHX has no effect, MEK, p38 and JNK are not involved | Sun et al. (2010) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| vi) | Wheat germ Agglutinin | Epithelial | HeLa, SiHa, CaSKi | Autophagy-linked FYVE (Alfy) protein inhibition, ER stress, LC3B upregulation | Tsai et al. (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| vii) | 2′-hydroxy-retrochalcone | Epithelial | HeLa | Proteasomal dysfunction, ER stress, LC3 upregulation | Nedungadi et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5. Thyroid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Tunicamycin | Epithelial | 8505C, CAL62, FRO cell lines | Bip, CHOP, p-PERK and IRE1 upregulation | Kim et al. (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6. Liver | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Hesperidin | Epithelial | HepG2 | Mitochondrial dysfunction and Ca2+ overload, p-ERK↑ | Yumnam et al., 2016) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Cis-Nerolidol | Epithelial | HepG2/C3 A | ER stress, increased activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes | Biazi et al. (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | Gambogic Acid | Epithelial; diffusely spreading cells | SNU-449 | Proteasomal inhibition and ER stress, ROS independent- mitochondrial depolarization | Seo et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7. Colon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Curcumin | Epithelial | HCT116 | Proteasome inhibition ROS, Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, LC3 upregulation, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs↑, Alix↓ | Lee et al. (2015) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Celastrol | Epithelial | DLD-1, RKO | Proteasome inhibition, Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs ↑, p-p38 ↑ | Yoon et al. (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | 15d-PGJ2 | Epithelial | HCT116 | Disruption of sulfhydryl homeostasis LC3 upregulation, pERK1/2↑ | Kar et al. (2009) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | Ginsenoside Rh2 | Epithelial | HCT116, SW480 | p53 activation, activation of death by antioxidants | Li et al. (2011), Wan et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| v) | Protopanaxadiol | Epithelial | HCT116, SW480 | Death acceleration by inhibiting ROS generation, NF-κB activated | Wang et al. (2013) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| vi) | ɣ-Tocotrienol | Epithelial | SW620 and HCT-8 | Wnt signals↓ (β-catenin, cyclin D, c-Jun) | Zhang et al. (2011) (2013) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| δ-Tocotrienol | Epithelial | SW620 | Wnt signals↓ (β-catenin, cyclin D, c-Jun) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| vii) | Iturin A-like lipopeptides | Epithelial | Caco-2 | ER stress, ROS generation, Ca2+ ↑ | Zhao et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| viii) | Loperamide | Epithelial | DLD-1, SW-480, SW-620, HCT116 | ER stress, Ca2+ imbalance and CHOP↑ | Kim et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ix) | Purified resin glycoside fraction (Pharbitidis Semen) | Epithelial | HT-29 and HCT-116 | Chloride intracellular channel-1 activation and intracellular Cl−↑, MAPK activation | Zhu et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8. Prostate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Curcumin | Epithelial | PC-3M | Proteasome inhibition ROS, Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, LC3 upregulation, pERK1/2↑, p-JNKs↑, Alix↓ | Lee et al. (2015) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | 15d-PGJ2 | Epithelial | DU145 | Disruption of sulfhydryl homeostasis LC3 upregulation, pERK1/2↑ | Kar et al. (2009) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | Benzo[a]quinolizidine analogs | Epithelial | PC3 | ER stress and LC3B upregulation | Zheng et al. 2016) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | Chalcomoracin | Epithelial | LNCaP, PC-3 | ROS generation, ER stress, PINK1 ↑, Alix ↓, p-ERK↑ | Han et al, 2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| v) | δ-Tocotrienol | Epithelial | CRPC cells—DU145, PC-3 | ER stress, LC3 and p62 upregulation, p-JNK ↑, p-p38 ↑ | Fontana et al. (2020) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9. Ovarian | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Morusin | Epithelial | A2780, HO-8910, SKOV3 | Ca2+ overload, ROS generation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential | Xue et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Elaiophylin | Epithelial | SKOV3, OVCAR8, UWB1.289, SW626 | ER stress, SHP2/SOS1/MAPK↑ | Li et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10. Lung | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (i) | Cyclosporin A | Epithelial | A549 | LC3 upregulation, Cyclophilin B↓, Alix↓ | Ram and Ramakrishna (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | Paclitaxel | Epithelial | A549 | CHX has no effect, MEK, p38 and JNK are not involved | Guo et al. (2010) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epithelial | ASTC-a-1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| iii) | 6-Shogaol | Epithelial | A549 | Proteasome inhibition, ER stress, ROS generation, LC3 upregulation | Nedungadi et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| iv) | Hinokitiol copper complex | Epithelial | A549 | Proteasome inhibition, ER stress | Chen et al. (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| v) | Chalcomoracin | Epithelial | H460 | ER stress, MAPK activation | Han et al. (2018) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epithelial | A549 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adenocyte | PC-9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| vi) | Paris Saponin II (PSII) | Epithelial | NCI-H460 | ER stress, JNK pathway activation | Man et al. (2020) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epithelial | NCI-H520 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| vii) | Prenylated bibenzyls (Radula constricta) | Epithelial | A549, NCI-H1299 | ROS elevation and loss in mitochondrial membrane potential | Zhang et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| viii) | Gambogic Acid | Epithelial | NCI-H460 | Proteasomal inhibition and ER stress, ROS independent- mitochondrial depolarization | Seo et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ix) | Epimedokoreanin B | Epithelial | A549, NCL-H292 | ER stress, autophagosome accumulation, ROS production, loss of MMP, UPR signaling | Zheng et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| x) | DHW-221 | Epithelial | A549 | ER stress, PI3K/mTOR inhibition, MAPK activation | Liu et al. (2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| xi) | Ginger extract | Epithelial | A549 | ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, AIF translocation and DNA damage | Nedungadi et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 11. Skin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Cyclosporin A | Keratinocyte | HaCaT | LC3 upregulation, Cyclophilin B↓, Alix↓ | (Ram and Ramakrishna (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ii) | δ-tocotrienol | Epithelial | A375 | Ca2+ overload and ROS generation, MAPK activation | Raimondi et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12. Bone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Cyclosporin A | Epithelial | U2OS, Saos-2 | LC3 upregulation, Cyclophilin B↓, Alix↓ | Ram and Ramakrishna (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 13. Kidney and Bladder | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Jolkinolide B | Epithelial | T24, UM-UC-3, T24/CDDP | ROS-mediated ER stress, MAPK and ERK activation | Sang et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14. Oral | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Isorhamnetin (3′-Methoxy-3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) | Epithelial | HSC-3, HSC-4, PE/CA-PJ15 | ↑ROS generation, ERK/MAPK | Chen et al. (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 15. Pancreas | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Gambogic Acid | Epithelial | BxPC-3 | Proteasomal inhibition and ER stress, ROS- independent mitochondrial depolarization | Seo et al. (2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16. Stomach | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i) | Gambogic Acid | Epithelial | SNU-668 (gastric cancer) | Proteasomal inhibition and ER stress, ROS independent- mitochondrial depolarization | Seo et al. 2019) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.
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