Figure 1.
GUS enzymes from the intestinal bacteria that make up the estroboloma release glucuronidated E into the liver via the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). This reactivation allows E to be recirculated through the portal vein, possibly contributing to hormonal disorders, including breast tumor development. E: estrogen; E-G: glucuronidated estrogen; E1: estrone; E2: estradiol.