Table 1. Distribution of Physicians by Demographic Characteristics.
| Covariate | All physicians, No. (%) | Burnout rate by survey year, No. (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2019 | 2021 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 579 (42.2) | 269 (46.5) | 261 (45.1) | 331 (57.2) |
| Male | 690 (50.3) | 289 (41.9) | 261 (37.8) | 296 (42.9) |
| Preferred not to say | 104 (7.6) | 52 (50.0) | 53 (51.0) | 65 (62.5) |
| Racea | ||||
| American Indian and Alaska Native | 6 (0.4) | 5 (83.3) | 4 (66.8) | 4 (66.7) |
| Asian | 213 (15.5) | 96 (45.1) | 104 (48.8) | 115 (54.0) |
| Black | 25 (1.8) | 15 (60.0) | 9 (36.0) | 13 (52.0) |
| White | 921 (67.1) | 396 (43.0) | 359 (39.0) | 448 (48.6) |
| Otherb | 64 (4.7) | 27 (42.2) | 25 (39.1) | 28 (43.8) |
| Preferred not to say | 144 (10.5) | 71 (49.3) | 74 (51.4) | 84 (58.3) |
| Ethnicitya | ||||
| Hispanic | 60 (4.4) | 26 (43.3) | 23 (38.3) | 29 (48.3) |
| Non-Hispanic | 1189 (86.6) | 527 (44.3) | 488 (41.0) | 587 (49.3) |
| Preferred not to say | 124 (9.0) | 57 (46.0) | 64 (51.6) | 76 (61.3) |
| Years of experience | ||||
| ≤10 | 360 (26.2) | 269 (46.7) | 232 (48.7) | 204 (56.7) |
| 11-20 | 478 (34.8) | 185 (45.0) | 204 (44.8) | 252 (52.7) |
| 21-30 | 324 (23.6) | 112 (44.1) | 105 (37.1) | 162 (50.0) |
| >30 | 211 (15.4) | 44 (33.3) | 34 (21.4) | 74 (35.1) |
| Specialty | ||||
| ERAP | 248 (18.1) | 101 (40.1) | 107 (43.0) | 118 (47.6) |
| Internal medicine | 746 (54.3) | 314 (42.3) | 303 (40.7) | 360 (48.3) |
| Primary care | 218 (15.9) | 126 (57.5) | 104 (47.7) | 140 (64.2) |
| Surgery | 161 (11.7) | 69 (43.1) | 61 (37.9) | 74 (46.0) |
| Burnout subscales | ||||
| High Exhaustion | NA | 783 (57.0) | 680 (49.5) | 821 (59.8) |
| High Cynicism | NA | 679 (49.5) | 654 (47.6) | 771 (56.2) |
| Low Personal Efficacy | NA | 266 (19.4) | 295 (21.5) | 338 (24.6) |
| Overall burnout | NA | 610 (44.4) | 575 (41.9) | 692 (50.4) |
Abbreviations: ERAP, emergency medicine, radiology, anesthesia, and pathology; NA, not applicable.
a
Race and ethnicity were self-reported by participants in the survey.
b
Other category included Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.