Table 1.
Nutritional profile of Chrysanthemum flower.
Variety/region | Type | Compound | Concentration (yield) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
C. morifolium | Polysaccharide (%) | Rh | 1 | [19] |
Ar | 0.70 | |||
Ma | 1.14 | |||
Gl | 1.48 | |||
GluA | 0.81 | |||
GalA | 1.67 | |||
C. morifolium | ___ | Total sugar content (%) | 0.37 | [19] |
C. morifolium, C. indicum (Yuzhou, China) | Polysaccharides (%) | Total crude polysaccharide | 28.07–65.4 | [20,21] |
C. indicum (China) | ____ | Total carbohydrate (%) | 91.93 | [21] |
C. morifolium (Jiaxing, China) | Polysaccharides (%) | ___ | 8.29 | [22] |
Oils (%) | Essential oil | 0.53 | [23] | |
C. morifolium (Jiaozuo City, China) | Essential oils (%) | Methyl linoleate | 13.2 | [23] |
C. indicum (Jiaozuo City, China) | Essential oils (%) | Methyl oleate | 13.0 | |
Methyl stearate | 5.7 | |||
Cineole | 10.4 | |||
Camphor | 11.8 | |||
Chamazulene | 3.1 | |||
trans-β-farnesene | 3.1 | |||
β-sesquiphellandrene | 3.4 | |||
C. indicum, C. morifolium (China, Korea) | Essential oils (%) | Camphor | 14.56–43.8 | [2,24] |
Aromatic essential oil (%) | ___ | 0.16–0.18 | ||
C. morifolium (Ukraine) | Amino acids (μg/mg) | l-aspartic acid | 10.35 | [25] |
l-serine | 0.04–11.86 | |||
l-glutamic acid | 0.14–7.27 | |||
l-histidine | 3.32 | |||
glycine | 1.44–5.65 | |||
l-threonine | 0.11–5.55 | |||
l-arginine | 6.40 | |||
l-alanine | 0.05–6.21 | |||
l-tyrosine | 3.30 | |||
l-valine | 0.10–5.45 | |||
l-phenylalanine | 0.11–6.73 | |||
l-isoleucine | 0.04–5.10 | |||
l-lysine | 0.05–12.10 | |||
l-leucine | 5.64 | |||
l-proline | 2.55–31.67 | |||
C. morifolium, C. indicum (Nigeria, Korea) | Oil (%) | Cis- chrysanthenyl acetate | 21.6 | [24,26] |
Octadecanoic acid | 19.5 | |||
Borneol | 14.9–15.5 |