Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1989 Aug;90(4):1239–1242. doi: 10.1104/pp.90.4.1239

Inhibition of Plant Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase by the Herbicide Acifluorfen-Methyl

Debra A Witkowski 1, Blaik P Halling 1
PMCID: PMC1061873  PMID: 16666913

Abstract

The effect of acifluorfen-methyl on tetrapyrrole synthesis in greening chloroplasts of Cucumis sativus was examined. Formation of Mg-proto-porphyrin IX from δ-aminolevulinate was reduced 98% by 10 micromolar acifluorfen-methyl. Conversion of protoporphyrin IX to Mg-protoporphyrin IX was unaffected, but protoporphyrin IX synthesis from δ-aminolevulinate was blocked, indicating a site of inhibition prior to the Mg-chelatase. The enzymic oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX was highly sensitive to acifluorfen-methyl, indicating that the site of action of the herbicide is the protoporphyrinogen oxidase. (© 1989 FMC Corporation. All rights reserved.)

Full text

PDF
1239

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248–254. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Brenner D. A., Bloomer J. R. A fluorometric assay for measurement of protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity in mammalian tissue. Clin Chim Acta. 1980 Jan 31;100(3):259–266. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(80)90275-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Camadro J. M., Urban-Grimal D., Labbe P. A new assay for protoporphyrinogen oxidase - evidence for a total deficiency in that activity in a heme-less mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 Jun 15;106(3):724–730. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(82)91771-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Carlson R. E., Sivasothy R., Dolphin D., Bernstein M., Shivji A. An internal standard for porphyrin analysis. Anal Biochem. 1984 Aug 1;140(2):360–365. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90178-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Castelfranco P. A., Weinstein J. D., Schwarcz S., Pardo A. D., Wezelman B. E. The Mg insertion step in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1979 Feb;192(2):592–598. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(79)90130-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ferreira G. C., Andrew T. L., Karr S. W., Dailey H. A. Organization of the terminal two enzymes of the heme biosynthetic pathway. Orientation of protoporphyrinogen oxidase and evidence for a membrane complex. J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 15;263(8):3835–3839. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fuesler T. P., Wong Y. S., Castelfranco P. A. Localization of Mg-Chelatase and Mg-Protoporphyrin IX Monomethyl Ester (Oxidative) Cyclase Activities within Isolated, Developing Cucumber Chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 1984 Jul;75(3):662–664. doi: 10.1104/pp.75.3.662. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fuesler T. P., Wright L. A., Castelfranco P. A. Properties of Magnesium Chelatase in Greening Etioplasts: METAL ION SPECIFICITY AND EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATIONS. Plant Physiol. 1981 Feb;67(2):246–249. doi: 10.1104/pp.67.2.246. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jacobs J. M., Jacobs N. J., De Maggio A. E. Protoporphyrinogen oxidation in chloroplasts and plant mitochondria, a step in heme and chlorophyll synthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1982 Oct 1;218(1):233–239. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90341-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jacobs J. M., Jacobs N. J. Protoporphyrinogen oxidation, an enzymatic step in heme and chlorophyll synthesis: partial characterization of the reaction in plant organelles and comparison with mammalian and bacterial systems. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1984 Feb 15;229(1):312–319. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(84)90157-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jacobs N. J., Jacobs J. M. Assay for enzymatic protoporphyrinogen oxidation, a late step in heme synthesis. Enzyme. 1982;28(2-3):206–219. doi: 10.1159/000459103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. MAUZERALL D., GRANICK S. Porphyrin biosynthesis in erythrocytes. III. Uroporphyrinogen and its decarboxylase. J Biol Chem. 1958 Jun;232(2):1141–1162. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Matringe M., Camadro J. M., Labbe P., Scalla R. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase as a molecular target for diphenyl ether herbicides. Biochem J. 1989 May 15;260(1):231–235. doi: 10.1042/bj2600231. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Matringe M., Scalla R. Studies on the mode of action of acifluorfen-methyl in nonchlorophyllous soybean cells : accumulation of tetrapyrroles. Plant Physiol. 1988 Feb;86(2):619–622. doi: 10.1104/pp.86.2.619. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Pardo A. D., Chereskin B. M., Castelfranco P. A., Franceschi V. R., Wezelman B. E. ATP requirement for mg chelatase in developing chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 1980 May;65(5):956–960. doi: 10.1104/pp.65.5.956. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Poulson R. The enzymic conversion of protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX in mammalian mitochondria. J Biol Chem. 1976 Jun 25;251(12):3730–3733. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Urban-Grimal D., Labbe-Bois R. Genetic and biochemical characterization of mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae blocked in six different steps of heme biosynthesis. Mol Gen Genet. 1981;183(1):85–92. doi: 10.1007/BF00270144. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Witkowski D. A., Halling B. P. Accumulation of photodynamic tetrapyrroles induced by acifluorfen-methyl. Plant Physiol. 1988 Jul;87(3):632–637. doi: 10.1104/pp.87.3.632. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES