Skip to main content
PMC home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1982 Sep;70(3):844–848. doi: 10.1104/pp.70.3.844

Polyamines and Root Formation in Mung Bean Hypocotyl Cuttings 1

I. Effects of Exogenous Compounds and Changes in Endogenous Polyamine Content

Ra'Anan Friedman 1,2, Arie Altman 1,2,2, Uriel Bachrach 1,2
PMCID: PMC1065781  PMID: 16662586

Abstract

The effect of several polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), their precursors (l-arginine and l-ornithine), and some analogs and metabolic inhibitors (l-canavanine, l-canaline, and methylglyoxal-bis [guanylhydrazone]) on root formation have been studied in mung bean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek) hypocotyl cuttings.

Exogenously applied polyamines did not promote adventitious root formation. Rooting was inhibited by l-canavanine and l-canaline, and this inhibition was reversed by the corresponding amino acids l-arginine and l-ornithine. Methylglyoxal-bis (guanylhydrazone), an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and polyamine biosynthesis, was also found to inhibit root formation. All compounds at concentrations of >10−4 molarity completely inhibited natural root formation, whereas at <10−5 molarity only the indole-butyric acid-induced root formation was inhibited.

Indole-butyric acid-induced root formation was accompanied by a considerable increase in polyamine levels, more than 2-fold of the control. Whereas senescing (unrooted) cuttings evinced a rapid decline in polyamine content during 48 hours, indole-butyric acid treatment resulted in elevated levels of putrescine and increased putrescine to spermidine ratio. The changes in polyamines were dependent on indole-butyric acid concentration and were organ specific.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

845Fig. 1
on p.845

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Altman A., Kaur-Sawhney R., Galston A. W. Stabilization of Oat Leaf Protoplasts through Polyamine-mediated Inhibition of Senescence. Plant Physiol. 1977 Oct;60(4):570–574. doi: 10.1104/pp.60.4.570. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Dai Y. R., Kaur-Sawhney R., Galston A. W. Promotion by gibberellic Acid of polyamine biosynthesis in internodes of light-grown dwarf peas. Plant Physiol. 1982 Jan;69(1):103–106. doi: 10.1104/pp.69.1.103. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Heimer Y. M., Mizrahi Y., Bachrach U. Ornithine decarboxylase activity in rapidly proliferating plant cells. FEBS Lett. 1979 Aug 1;104(1):146–148. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)81102-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Kaur-Sawhney R., Shih L. M., Galston A. W. Relation of polyamine biosynthesis to the initiation of sprouting in potato tubers. Plant Physiol. 1982 Feb;69(2):411–415. doi: 10.1104/pp.69.2.411. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Kefford N. P. Effect of hormone antagonist on the rooting of shoot cuttings. Plant Physiol. 1973 Jan;51(1):214–216. doi: 10.1104/pp.51.1.214. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Montague M. J., Armstrong T. A., Jaworski E. G. Polyamine Metabolism in Embryogenic Cells of Daucus carota: II. Changes in Arginine Decarboxylase Activity. Plant Physiol. 1979 Feb;63(2):341–345. doi: 10.1104/pp.63.2.341. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Montague M. J., Koppenbrink J. W., Jaworski E. G. Polyamine Metabolism in Embryogenic Cells of Daucus carota: I. Changes in Intracellular Content and Rates of Synthesis. Plant Physiol. 1978 Sep;62(3):430–433. doi: 10.1104/pp.62.3.430. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Rosenthal G. A. The biological and biochemical properties of L-canaline, a naturally occurring structural analogue of L-ornithine. Life Sci. 1978 Jul 10;23(2):93–98. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(78)90255-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Suresh M. R., Adiga P. R. Putrescine-sensitive (artifactual) and insensitive (biosynthetic) S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activities of Lathyrus sativus seedlings. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Oct 3;79(2):511–518. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11835.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Tabor C. W., Tabor H. 1,4-Diaminobutane (putrescine), spermidine, and spermine. Annu Rev Biochem. 1976;45:285–306. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.45.070176.001441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES